Research On The Removal Method Of Smoke And Dust In Tunnel Drilling And Blasting Construction

Along with the rapid development of infrastructure construction,contemporary resource and environmental problems are becoming increasingly prominent,adding a serious burden to the earth and posing severe challenges to human beings.In the process of tunneling by drilling and blasting,explosive blasting,slag removal,shotcrete and other processes all lead to the production of a large number of dust particles and harmful gases and other pollutants.These pollutants are harmful to the physical and mental health of on-site workers.People who work in this environment for a long time may cause damage to internal organs due to excessive dust absorption,and may also cause cardiovascular disease due to excessive absorption of harmful gases.lack of functionality.Therefore,research on the removal of smoke and dust near the tunnel face during tunnel drilling and blasting construction is an important factor to improve the air quality of the tunnel,promote the connection of various processes,and protect the safety of personnel and equipment.The main research contents of this paper are as follows:（1）The generation mechanism of dust and harmful gases（mainly NO,NO₂ and CO）during the construction of tunnel using drilling and blasting method was summarized;the impact of dust and harmful gases on human health and construction was analyzed,the mechanism of dust removal and harmful gas removal was also studied;the research progress of dust removal at home and abroad was reviewed;（2）Six kinds of chemical reagents were selected through literature research,and quantitative chemical additives were added to each（concentration）reagent;wetting properties and surface tension were measured and analyzed for different（concentration）reagents after adding additives;combined with the principles of economy,practicality and environmental protection,appropriate concentrations were selected for further research and discussion;（3）Experimental studies were carried out on the removal effects of different（concentration）reagents on dust and harmful gases（NO,NO₂ and CO）,and the dust removal efficiency of different（concentration）reagents was analyzed and discussed;The economic and social benefits were analyzed;two optimal（concentration）reagents with high dust and harmful gas removal efficiency,environmental protection,harmlessness and economy were finally determined;（4）Taking the Gaojiaping tunnel of Zhangwan high-speed railway as a prototype,a 5:1 small-scale tunnel model was established.The removal effects of the two optimal（concentration）reagents on dust and harmful gases NO,NO₂ and CO in the small-scale tunnel model were verified and compared with the removal effects of clean water.The results showed that the application of reagent A-3‰and reagent C-3‰to the spray dust removal system could effectively inhibit and eliminate the dust and harmful gases near the face.