| With the deepening process of economic integration,China has continuously improved its openness to foreign trade,its industry has developed rapidly,its national economy has soared,and its residents’ happiness has continued to improve.However,at the same time,the radical reform model of China’s opening stage has also brought many environmental problems.Relying on cheap labor and relatively loose environmental regulations,China’s export enterprises recklessly discharged emissions that did not meet environmental protection standards,aggravating our country’s water and soil pollution and atmospheric pollution.In particular,the phenomenon of air pollution occurs frequently in various cities in China.The air pollutants topped by SO2,PM2.5 and smoke dust enter the human body through the skin and hair,and endanger human body functions.Air pollution has greatly weakened the economic benefits brought by foreign trade,and is not conducive to the implementation of our country’s strategy of "defending the blue sky".Healthy international trade should maximize overall welfare benefits.Therefore,in order to clearly evaluate the link between international trade,air pollution and the health of Chinese residents,the author of this paper takes China’s natural growth rate of population as the explained variable,and takes 281 major prefecture-level cities in China as the research objects,selects the period from 2005 to 2019 years panel data for quantitative analysis.Firstly,author sorts out the mechanism of the pairwise effects of international trade,air pollution and natural population growth rate,determines the measurement indicators of the intermediary variables,and incorporates the per capita GDP,the number of hospitals and health institutions,and the urbanization rate,pollution control investment,and local government health expenditure as control variables,build an econometric model and carry out multicollinearity test,comprehensive F test,LM test and Hausman test results,determine to use a two-way fixed effect model for linear regression,in order to prevent The endogeneity problem affects the empirical results.Author selects the total population at the end of the year as a substitute variable,and combines the method of randomly reducing the sample size by 10% to test the endogeneity problem and robustness of the linear regression model.And the difference analysis is carried out from distinguishing the direction of import and export trade and distinguishing between the east,middle and west regions,and builds the intermediary model of international trade,air pollution and natural population growth rate,and uses stata software to test the air pollution in international trade,to analyze and test the mediating effect affecting the natural population growth rate in China.The consequences presents that our country’s import and export trade has different effects on the natural population growth rate.Import trade has a positive effect and export trade has a negative effect.Moreover,the main air pollutants selected in this paper do indeed affect China’s natural population growth rate.It plays a mediating effect and inhibits the natural population growth rate,which verifies the author’s initial hypothesis.Finally,based on the empirical research results,refer to the policy guidelines for high-quality economic development in China,author comes up with five suggestions: first,reform the economic development model and adhere to healthy and balanced development;second,encourage enterprises to control pollution and reduce emissions,and improve awareness of environmental protection;third,improve environmental protection regulations,optimize reward and punishment supervision mechanism;fourth,introduce advanced environmental protection technologies and increase investment in environmental protection research and development;fifth,strictly prevent pollution from moving across borders and avoid secondary environmental pollution. |
