Research On Equipment And Technology Of Carbon Material From Waste Tire Pyrolysis

In recent years,the development of science and technology and the popularity of automobile as a means of transportation make the annual automobile output in China grow rapidly.Only in 2021,the sales volume of automobiles reached 26.082 million,and the output of waste tires reached 20 million tons.Waste tires wantonly pile up,traditional incineration,production of rubber powder,refurbishment,prototype utilization and other recycling methods,low utilization rate,harm the environment.In order to make the waste tire get more perfect treatment,this paper studied the equipment and process of crushing and pyrolysis of waste tire,focused on the design of crusher components and the main force component roller simulation analysis,verified the rationality of the structure.Finally,by setting five pyrolysis temperatures,the waste tire particles were prepared by direct carbon preparation,one-step carbon preparation,two-step carbon preparation,and characterization analysis by SEM,XRD,FTIR,electrochemical test methods,and finally found that the effect of two-step carbon preparation is better,providing basic research for the development of waste tire carbon material technology.The main work contents are as follows:1.The parameters and structure of each component of the mill are designed,and the statics simulation of the main force component roller is carried out.(1)The scrap tire particle bite model was established,and the bite Angle was determined to be 20° and the crushing ratio i was 52.6.The parameters are determined by relevant calculation: the diameter of the roller D1 is 300 mm,the length of the roller L is 600 mm,the speed of the roller n3 is 100 r/min,the linear speed of the roller V is 1.57m/s,and the motor power N is 30 KW.2.A transmission scheme is proposed for the design of the crusher and the components are designed:(1)Belt drive design: the speed of each shaft is: 730 r/min for shaft Ⅰ,365 r/min for shaft Ⅱ,100 r/min for shaft Ⅲ and Ⅳ.Belt drive through the design of C type conveyor belt,small pulley diameter is 250 mm,large pulley diameter is 500 mm,center distance is 716.865 mm～839.04 mm,belt initial tension is 501.68 N,belt pressing force 6928.2 N,the number of belt design is 7.(2)The design of the first reduction gear: the number of teeth of the large and small gears is 73,20,the diameter of the division circle is 584 mm,160 mm,the width of the teeth is 80 mm,85 mm～90 mm,the modulus is 8 mm,the pressure Angle is 20°,the center distance of the gear is 226 mm.(3)The statics analysis of the roller,the main stress component of the mill,shows that the maximum stress is 2.8044 MPa and the maximum deformation is only 0.00326 mm,and the structure is reasonable.3.Three methods of preparing carbon materials are designed: direct carbon preparation,one-step carbon preparation and two-step carbon preparation.Pyrolysis temperatures of 550 ℃,600 ℃,700 ℃,800 ℃ and900 ℃ were set for each scheme.Finally,15 groups of carbon materials were tested by means of SEM,XRD,FTIR and electrochemical test.(1)The morphologies of carbon microspheres were found in accordance with the classical homogeneous nucleation theory of furnace carbon by SEM and quantitative analysis of elements.The surface sag of carbon black during two-step pyrolysis is the highest,followed by one-step pyrolysis and direct preparation.Through qualitative analysis,the content of C,O and N elements after pyrolysis is the highest.In the direct preparation method,one-step preparation method and two-step preparation method,the content of C gradually decreased,and the content of O element increased,which may be due to the reduction of ash after activation.(2)In XRD,the direct preparation method has more impurities,mainly Zn S,and graphite structure is unstable,less content.One-step method and two-step method showed significantly less impurity and more graphite content,especially the highest content in two-step method.At the same temperature,the graphite lattice spacing of direct preparation method,one-step preparation method and two-step preparation method increases successively.In the direct preparation method,alcohols and phenolic C-O functional groups(stretching vibration)are more.There are more O-H functional groups(stretching vibration)in one-step and two-step preparation methods.(3)In FTIR,the 15 groups of samples all contained aromatic ring C=C functional groups(skeleton vibration)and O-H functional groups(stretching vibration).(4)In the electrochemical test,the best preparation methods of carbon materials are two-step method >one-step method > direct preparation method.In the three preparation methods,the maximum induced current values of anode peak and cathode peak are 900 ℃,178 μA,-178 μA.