| The production of vegetable waste is large,composting is one of the ways to realize the utilization of vegetable waste resources.In the process of vegetable waste composting,there are still some problems to be solved.For example,excessive water content and initial particle size restrict the compost maturation process.The temperature of compost is not uniform,resulting in incomplete harmless.The decomposition efficiency of products varies greatly due to different composting processes.Aiming at the above problems,this study optimizes the process parameters in order to promote the rapid maturation of vegetable waste compost.The main research contents and results are as follows::(1)The degree of grinding(non-grinding,coarse grinding and fine grinding)was studied and the effect of additives(0% and 5%)on the composting of cabbage waste,the whole composting process lasted for 17 days.The results showed that the addition of straw powder significantly increased the compost temperature,p H,organic matter and seed germination index(GI),and decreased the nutrient content and electrical conductivity(EC)compared with the control.The degree of comminution had no significant effect on organic matter,nutrients,GI and EC.Therefore,the waste of cabbage with high water content is not dehydrated or crushed,a small amount of straw(5%)can be added to achieve a better composting effect.(2)The degree of grinding(non-grinding,coarse grinding and fine grinding)was studied and the effect of additives(0% and 5%)on the composting of radish waste,the whole composting process lasted for 24 days.The results show that adding straw can increase the temperature of compost,but it had no significant effect on p H,organic matter,GI and EC,the degree of composting had no significant effect on the composting effect.Therefore,adding a small amount of straw powder and non-pulverized radish waste compost can get better composting effect.However,compared with cabbage waste,radish waste is not suitable as raw material for composting under high water content.(3)The effect of the amount of chemical conditioner(calcium peroxide)(0%,5%,10% and 20%)on the composting effect of cabbage waste was studied,the whole composting process lasted for 18 days,The results showed that the addition of 5% and10% calcium peroxide increased the maximum temperature of the compost.The GI and EC of each treatment met the requirements of maturation and no ascaris eggs were found.The number of fecal coliforms treated with 20% calcium peroxide was 24 /g,which had a good degree of harmless.(4)The effects of different composting processes(strip,trough and molecular membrane)on the composting effect of cabbage waste were studied.The whole composting process lasted for 31 days.The results show that all the three processes can be applied to cabbage waste compost,GI and EC can meet the requirements of maturation,but the molecular membrane decomposition efficiency is the fastest,followed by the trough type.The changes of dominant bacterial community in the composting process are as follows: Proteobacteria and Enterobacteria(warming period);Firmicutes and Bacillus(high temperature);Proteobacteria and Acinetobacter(rot stage).The dominant flora of the fungal community changed as follows:Ascomycetes and Penicillium and Aspergillus(warming period);Ascomycota and Candida and Penicillium(high temperature);Basidiomycetes and Candida and Penicillium(rot stage).These results indicate that when high moisture content vegetable waste(leafy vegetables,tubers)is used as composting material,it can be composted without crushing and mixed with a small amount of straw(5%).Add 20% calcium peroxide to make the finished product harmless.Molecular membrane technology was used to improve the compost decomposition efficiency.This study has a certain guiding significance for the decomposition and harmlessness of high humidity vegetable waste aerobic compost. |
PDF Full Text Request