Research On Movable Photo-fermentation Hydrogen Production Reactor

With the increasingly prominent global energy issues,the use of renewable resources to replace traditional fossil fuels has become a consensus in the international community.Phototrophic fermentation biohydrogen technology utilizes photosynthetic microorganisms to convert solar energy into high-energy-density and environmentally friendly green hydrogen fuel,with high energy conversion efficiency.It is considered a promising method for hydrogen production and has gained increasing attention as a potential biomass energy technology with wide-ranging applications.However,common phototrophic fermentation biohydrogen reactors are mostly fixed and have limitations such as large volume and low flexibility,which restrict the application of phototrophic fermentation biohydrogen technology.Therefore,this study investigates a movable phototrophic fermentation biohydrogen reactor with an automatic control system,which can meet the hydrogen production requirements in different application scenarios and provide a new approach to further expand the application of phototrophic fermentation biohydrogen.The main research findings of this paper are as follows:（1）The main body of the movable phototrophic fermentation biohydrogen reactor adopts a "three-step,four-chamber" structure of bacterial acclimatization,substrate enzymatic hydrolysis,and hydrogen fermentation.The optimization design and verification experiments of various components of the movable phototrophic fermentation biohydrogen reactor were conducted.（2）The casing of the movable phototrophic fermentation biohydrogen reactor is made of 10 mm acrylic material,with a total volume of 375 L and an effective volume of 330 L.The effective volume ratios of the four chambers are 3:3:4:6.LED light sources are uniformly arranged inside the reactor casing,and the light intensity is measured using the B-RS-L30 light sensor.The reactor casing is heated and insulated by a solar thermal circulating pump,and the temperature is collected using the DS18B20 temperature sensor.The gas collection of the reactor adopts an electromagnetic valve for intermittent collection,which allows flexible control of gas collection frequency and facilitates the study of hydrogen production patterns.（3）A control system for the movable phototrophic fermentation biohydrogen reactor based on the hydrogen production process of phototrophic fermentation was designed.The operation of water pumps,stirrers,and pH value and peristaltic pump hysteresis control were coupled to improve the uniformity of fermentation liquid mass transfer during alkali addition and discharge processes.A combination of PID and PWM temperature control programs was used to enable automatic temperature adjustment of the reactor’s circulation pump.The PWM light control program allowed the reactor to respond rapidly to changes in light intensity and achieve automatic adjustment.（4）Continuous flow verification experiments of the movable phototrophic fermentation biohydrogen reactor were conducted.The phototrophic fermentation hydrogen production process and its self-control system operated stably,with a maximum hydrogen production rate of 0.351 LH₂/（h·L）and a maximum cumulative hydrogen gas yield of 2004.67 L.