Research On Carbon Emission Allocation From The Perspective Of Climate Justice

With the development of the Industrial Revolution,the cumulative emissions of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere have seriously exceeded the standard,and global climate change has become more and more significant.The impacts brought by climate change vary greatly between generations and within generations,which reflects the inequality of climate change.To deal with climate change,ethical considerations are urgently needed,and climate justice needs to emerge.Carbon emissions from human activities are the main cause of climate change,and global action to reduce emissions must be taken as soon as possible to prevent climate change.The core of global emission reduction action is the allocation of carbon emission rights.However,in the process of allocation of carbon emission rights,there exists the contradiction between the global climate risk and the dispersion of emission reduction subjects,as well as the uncertainty of the identification of climate responsibility.For a country or region,the share of carbon emission right,that is,the emission share and emission reduction responsibility owned by sovereign countries directly affect the future development trend.Therefore,although countries actively put forward dual-carbon targets to show their emission reduction ambitions and political consensus,their proposed allocation schemes are still only out of their own interests and have different priorities,and fail to really solve the main problems existing in the allocation of carbon emission rights.In essence,the reason lies in the lack of value consensus in the international community when it comes to understanding and dealing with climate change.No matter the differences in principle in the carbon emission rights allocation agreement or the disputes over the allocation of emission reduction responsibilities and rights in the allocation scheme,there are ethical deficiencies.The discussion on the allocation of carbon emission rights should return to the field of ethics.Under the guidance of climate justice,the multi-dimensional reflection on the allocation of carbon emission rights should be carried out through the justice of interspecies,intergeneration and intra-generation.Therefore,climate justice should be the value consensus to solve the problem of carbon emission allocation.The distribution of carbon emission rights is based on the equality between individuals and countries,so as to ensure the basic survival rights of individuals and the development rights of developing countries,thus narrowing the global wealth gap,promoting the sustainable development of human society and realizing intergenerational justice.At the same time,the principle of difference,as a concrete way to realize the equality standard,assigns the responsibility of emission reduction differently according to the difference of historical responsibility and emission reduction capacity on the basis of giving everyone the obligation of emission reduction,so as to ensure that the distribution of carbon emission rights can realize the interspecies justice and the global distribution justice within the generation.To provide ethical norms for the allocation of carbon emission permits.In addition,to translate the value consensus into practical actions,it is also necessary to establish an effective international cooperation mechanism by building a community with a shared future for mankind on the basis of climate justice.