Study On The Net-impact Of China-europe Railway Express On Urban Environment Changes Based On RSEI Model

Since its opening,the China-Europe Railway Express has become a bridge for mutual benefit and win-win cooperation between Asia and Europe,promoting economic and cultural exchanges among countries along the route and bringing about great changes.However,this successful development has also attracted widespread attention both domestically and internationally to its impact on the ecological environment.Will the intensive construction and operation of the railway have an impact on the local ecological environment? Quantitatively analyzing and answering this question through scientific and effective methods can provide support for subsequent decisions.With the significant progress in remote sensing technology for long-term ecological environment monitoring in recent years,conducting remote sensing monitoring of the ecological environment along the China-Europe Railway Express is a very necessary and urgent research task.Some researchers have conducted remote sensing monitoring of the ecological environment along the China-Europe Railway Express,explaining the ecological environment changes around the railway qualitatively and quantitatively.However,they did not investigate the direct impact of railway construction and operation on the ecological environment along the route,nor have they studied the net impact of the ChinaEurope Railway Express on the ecological environment along the route.Therefore,it is urgently needed to further determine the direct quantitative relationship between the opening and operation of the China-Europe Railway Express and the ecological environment quality along the route.There are deficiencies in existing research regarding the direct quantitative impact of the China-Europe Railway Express on the ecological environment along the route.This paper uses remote sensing technology to quantitatively extract the spatiotemporal changes in the ecological environment at the urban scale before and after railway operation along the China-Europe Railway Express route,aiming to explore the net impact of the China-Europe Railway Express operation and provide theoretical reference for its sustainable development.The main research content and conclusions are as follows:(1)Analysis of Long-term Spatiotemporal Changes in Urban Ecological Environment along the China-Europe Railway Express.This paper focuses on the demand for remote sensing ecological environment monitoring at the urban scale along the Warsaw section of the ChinaEurope Railway Express.By introducing a Remote Sensing-based Ecological Index(RSEI)model,we obtain comprehensive spatiotemporal changes in the ecological environment along the China-Europe Railway Express during its long-term operation(pre-operation,early operation,and later operation periods).The results show that compared with single indicators such as nighttime light data,the RSEI model can comprehensively reflect the quality of the ecological environment in the research area over a long period of time and is effective.The ecological environment quality at the urban scale along the Warsaw section of the China-Europe Railway Express was better before the railway was opened,with an RSEI average value between 0.6-0.8.After the opening of the railway(2013-2020),although the ecological environment quality declined somewhat,it remained stable and fluctuated between 0.43-0.45.Although the proportion of the ecological environment in the lower grade increased after the opening of the railway,the trend was slowing down.The research findings provide theoretical support for the provision of spatiotemporal information on ecological environment changes for areas along the China-Europe Railway Express.(2)Quantitative research on the net impact of the China-Europe Railway Express on the ecological environment of cities along the route and within the cities.Based on the results of the RSEI model,the Adaptive Improved Differences-in-Differences(DID)model was used at the grid scale between cities and within cities,incorporating the passage time of the ChinaEurope Railway Express and long-term ecological environment indicators.Using the spatiotemporal trends of non-corridor cities before and after the railway’s opening to eliminate other unobservable factors and the spatio-temporal trends of corridor cities before and after the opening,the net impact of railway operation was obtained.The results of the net impact extraction on the intercity scale in the Polish section show that the coefficient of the interaction term "CER" is-0.0577,-0.0578,and-0.0559(with significance levels of P<0.01),representing a small overall negative impact.The trend test results show that there was a difference in the ecological environment quality between cities along and not along the China-Europe Railway Express route in 2014.However,from 2015,the difference in the ecological environment quality between the two types of cities is no longer significant,reflecting that this negative impact is not sustained.With the normal operation of the China-Europe Railway Express,this negative impact on the ecological environment is almost non-existent.(3)Further investigation is needed to address the limitations of existing research,which has failed to extract the direct impact of China-Europe Railway Express on the urban internal ecological environment at a fine scale.This paper quantitatively assesses the impact of ChinaEurope freight train operations on the ecological environment at the grid scale within the city.The results showed that the coefficient of the interaction term "CER" was-0.0290(with a significance level of P<0.05),indicating an overall negative impact,but the value was very small and the impact was weak.Trend test results indicated that during the long-term operation of the China-Europe Railway Express,there was no significant difference in the ecological environment quality between the grid areas along the route and those not along the route within urban areas,and no clear positive or negative impact was observed.Furthermore,this reflects the limitation of the grid scale used in the experimental research to reflect the scope of the impact of the China-Europe Railway Express,which needs to be further explored.The results of this study can provide long-term spatiotemporal information on the ecological environment for cities along the route of the China-Europe freight train and within these cities.This information can quantitatively address the net impact of the China-Europe freight train on the ecological environment along its route,which can help provide support and theoretical references for the sustainable development of the China-Europe Railway Express.