Bubble Purification Technology For Gasoline Fire Fumes

A gasoline fire occurs in a confined space such as a tunnel,and combustion produces toxic and harmful smoke at high temperatures that rapidly fills the confined space.Not only reduce the visibility of the fire,delay the speed of evacuation and rescue,and even endanger the lives of trapped persons and rescuers.The purification of gasoline fumes creates evacuation and rescue possibilities for personnel at the fire site.Therefore,this paper proposes a new bubble purification technology idea for gasoline fumes.This paper focuses on the fumes generated by gasoline fires.Analyze the chemical composition and physical properties of gasoline combustion products,and use Fluent software to simulate and study the dynamic characteristics of bubble wetted gasoline fumes.Develop a foam solution suitable for gasoline fire fumes,and finally conduct theoretical and experimental research on it.The main results are as follows:（1）According to the GC-MS analysis,the main components of gasoline are organic compounds dominated by C₈-C₂₁,containing small quantities of elements like N,Cl,Br,etc.Therefore,in addition to C₂O,CO and high temperature water vapor,there are some gaseous organic compounds and flammable acidic gases such as NO_X,SO₂,H₂S,HCN and HCl in gasoline flue fumes.The surface of the combustion residue is rough and contains spherical particles with a diameter distribution of 40～180 nm.Soot from fumes combustion is dominated by particulate matter<100 nm.（2）Fluent software simulated the dynamic process of wetting bubbles on petrol combustion fumes and its features.Relative to the surface of the water,the liquid bubble film with a lower surface tension can capture the smoke particles more effectively.When the bubble droplets hit the flue fume particles,with the decrease of the bubble droplet in flue fumes particle size ratio,the greater the degree of bubble droplet deformation,the increase of the dimensionless wetting coefficient is negatively correlated.（3）By screening the monomeric surfactants,using the orthogonal experimental method to design and screen the compound combination,and adding alkaline additives and polymer additives to the best compound combination,and determining the final bubble formulation for flue fumes purification through bubble performance testing experiments.The final formulation was PEG4000:Na₂SO₃:BS-12:SLES=0.03%:0.3%:0.6%:0.6%.（4）Experiments on gasoline fire fumes bubble purification were conducted using a self-designed and built experimental platform simulating a limited space such as a tunnel.It was found that the smoke generated by the combustion of 10g and 20g gasoline was purified with an average of about 1.5L of bubble solution each time.The bubble purification technology reduced the time consumption by 82.9%and 84%compared to natural dissipation,and the smoke purification efficiency per unit time increased by 82.6%and83.9%.Under the action of net fumes bubble,the diameter of flue fumes particles is distributed at 3.54μm～36.91μm,and the peak area of benzene compounds and other aromatic hydrocarbons after net bubble fumes decreases by 93.2%,indicating that bubble purification technology can reduce the number of flue fumes particles and the content of toxic compounds that can go deep into the alveoli in fire flue fumes.