Study On Hypervelocity Impact Characteristics Of Aluminium Matrix Ceramic Ball Composite Plate

Space debris is defined as non-functional artificial objects in Earth orbit or re-entering the atmosphere,as well as their debris and components,which pose a significant threat to spacecraft in orbit.The pursuit of lightweight,high impact resistance advanced protection materials is one of the hot issues in space debris protection research.Aluminium matrix ceramic ball composite material combines many excellent properties of metallic aluminium and ceramic materials,and has a promising application in the space field.In order to further investigate the hypervelocity impact protection performance of aluminium matrix ceramic ball composite material,this paper has completed the study of hypervelocity impact characteristics of aluminium matrix ceramic ball composite material plate based on FE-SPH adaptive method,the work carried out and the main conclusions are as follows:(1)The geometric model of the aluminum matrix ceramic ball composite material plate was established using the self-programmed Matlab program.Based on the FE-SPH adaptive method,the relative errors in the velocity value of the characteristic points of the debris cloud were less than 5%when combined with ground hypervelocity impact tests,which verified the effectiveness of the adaptive method in simulating the hypervelocity impact;comparing the test results of the dynamic mechanical properties of the SHPB of the aluminum matrix ceramic ball composite material,the waveform curves matched well,which completed the validity verification of the relevant material model parameters.(2)The study on the hypervelocity impact protection performance of aluminium matrix ceramic ball composite material plate was carried out.The impact velocity of spherical projectile V=4～7km/s was set and quantitative comparative analysis was carried out from three aspects:the collision process,the internal energy conversion characteristics of the impact system and the debris cloud characteristics by comparing with the aluminium plate with the same surface density.The results show that:compared with the aluminium plate,the projectile and composite material plate in the impact process of the projectile material broken quickly and thoroughly;composite material plate absorbs 37.04%more kinetic energy of the projectile,the kinetic energy of the debris cloud reduced by 69.57%;impact system internal energy dissipation ratio reached 72.03%;the dangerous debris overall kinetic energy is small,the diffusion range is large,the threat of penetration for the rear wall is reduced.The aluminium matrix ceramic ball composite material plate shows excellent protection performance in hypervelocity impact.(3)Numerical calculations were carried out for the hypervelocity vertical and oblique impact of spherical projectile on aluminium matrix ceramic ball composite plate.Based on single factor analysis,the impact conditions(impact velocity V,incidence angleθ,and dimensionless dimensional parameter d_c/d_p of the ceramic ball)on the debris cloud and the penetration characteristic parameters were obtained.Based on the multivariate linear least squares method,prediction formulas for the penetration feature parameters are obtained.(4)The study on the effects of different projectile shapes on the protection performance of aluminium matrix ceramic ball composite plate was carried out.Based on the projectile mass equivalence principle,the difference in damage capability between non-spherical and spherical projectiles under the same impact conditions is investigated.It can provide a reference for the design of protective structures of aluminium matrix ceramic ball composite based on the design of spherical projectiles.