Study On The Chemical Components Of Polygonum Aviculare And Three Fung

This paper consists of four chapters.The first chapter reviews the research progress on the chemical constituents and biological activities of PolygonumL.since 2000,and the second to fourth chapters study the medicinal plant Polygonum lapathifoliumL and three fungus named Cortinarius collinitus（Pers.）,Aspergillus fumigatus,Pleurotus cornucopiae（Paulet）Rolland.By normal phase silica gel column chromatography,reverse phase silica gel column chromatography,Sephadex LH-20 chromatography and other conventional column separation techniques,combined with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(including ¹H-NMR,¹³C-NMR,DEPT,HSQC,COSY,HMBC),MS,UV and TR,31 compounds were isolated and identified from them.There were two new compounds,besides,including flavonoids,phenols,terpenoids,lactones and organic acids.The main research results are as follows:Twenty-one compounds were isolated from Polygonum lapathifoliumL,including a new compound named 2-methyl-5-n-undecylresorcinol（1）,and other known compounds like 5-n-dodecylresorcinol（2）,and（3S,5R）-dihydroxy-6R,7-megstigmadien-9-one（3）,trans-phytol（4）,kaempferol（5）,quercetin（6）,2’,4’-di-hydroxy-6’-methoxy-chaltone（7）,2’,6’-di-hydroxy-4’-methoxy-chaltone（8）,dihydroquercetin（9）,quercetin3-methyl ether（10）,β-sitosterol（11）,stigmast-4-en-6β-ol-3-one（12）,ellagic acid-3,3’-dimethyl ether（13）,3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester（14）,methyl 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzoate（15）,dibutyl phthalate（16）,ethyl palmitate（17）,9（Z）,12（Z）-octadecanedioenoic acid（18）,methyl stearate（19）,palmitic acid（20）,oleic acid（21）.Among them,Compounds1-4,9,10 and 12-16 were isolated from this plant for the first time.Compounds 1-3,13,15 were isolated from the genus Polygonum for the first time.In addition,the results of the activity test showed that the ethanol extract of Polygonum lapathifoliumL had significant scavenging activity against DPPH,ABTS and OH free radicals,with IC₅₀were 0.002 mg/mL and0.007 mg/mL.Compound 12 had strong hydroxyl radical scavenging activity with IC₅₀value of 0.016 mg/mL.Flavonoids and phenolic acids showed more obvious scavenging effects on DPPH free radicals.The IC₅₀of quercetin was 0.010mg/mL,and the IC₅₀of compound 13 was 0.007mg/mL.The antioxidant activity was particularly significant,even higher than the positive control（ascorbic acid）.Based on free radical theory,it is speculated that the number of phenolic hydroxyl groups may be affected.The more the number,the more H atoms can be ionized to combine with active free radicals,so the stronger its activity is.Of course,the influence of spatial structure on its activity cannot be excluded.Four compounds were isolated from the rice fermentation of Cortinarius collinitus（Pers.）,they were identified as Ergosta-7,22-Dien-3β-yl linoleate（22）,oleic acid（23）,2,3-butanediol（24）and corcoll A（25）,Compound 25 was a new compound.Compounds 22-25 were isolated from this plant for the first time.Six compounds were isolated from the secondary metabolites of the Aspergillus fumigatus and Pleurotus cornucopiae（Paulet）Rolland,they were Ourosperone A（26）,β-sitosterol（27）,palmitic acid（28）,lauric acid（29）,（22E,24R）-ergostere-5,7,22-triene-3-β-ol（30）,and 3-nitropropionic acid（31）.The results showed that compound 26 had antioxidant activity against DPPH,ABTS and OH free radicals,with IC₅₀values of 3.453,0.155and 0.019mg/mL,respectively.