Electrochemical Biosensor Based On Carbon Nanomaterials For The Detection Of Hydrogen Peroxide And Lactate

In this paper,a serious of functional nanomaterials with excellent properties were prepared and three kinds of highly sensitive electrochemical biosensor to detect bioactive molecules were constructed.The results showed that the sensor could be used for the detection of hydrogen peroxide in milk or serum and the quantitative detection of lactic acid released by cells.This paperconsists of four chapters,details are as follows:Chapter 1:Foreword.The principle,classification and application of electrochemical biosensors are briefly summarized.The application of functional nanomaterials in the construction and detection of electrochemical biosensors is introduced.The research progress of quantitative detection of bioactive molecules is introduced.Finally,the purpose and content of this paper are introduced.Chapter 2:A kind of nanosized gold polyluminol composite supported by polystyrene microspheres with photoelectric activity was synthesized by hydrothermal reaction.A solid polystyrene microsphere-nano-gold@polyluminol electrochemical sensor was prepared.The sensor has a strong and stable electrochemical luminescence intensity,and has good electrocatalytic performance for hydrogen peroxide in solution.The electrochemical and electrochemical luminescence properties of hydrogen peroxide were studied by cyclic voltammetry,electrochemical luminescence and chronocurrent method.Under optimal conditions,the electrochemical biosensor can be successfully applied to the detection of hydrogen peroxide in milk.Chapter 3:A biomass-derived carbon nanocomposite was prepared by high-temperature pyrolysis using extracted lotus stem as raw material and gold nanoparticles were uniformly distributed on the lotus stem materials by immersion in chloroauric acid solution to construct an electrochemical biosensor with lotus stem nanocomposite as matrix.The morphological structure of the nanocomposites was characterized by scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,high-resolution transmission electron microscopy,energy dispersive spectroscopy,and adsorption-desorption of nitrogen,which showed that the materials have properties such as high specific surface area,high electrical conductivity,and porous structure.The constructed electrochemical biosensor can be used for the quantitative detection of lactic acid released from cells with nanomolar detection limits and high sensitivity,and the sensor also has a wide linear range and good stability.Chapter 4:In this work,Fe-N/C doped porous carbon nanocomposites（Fe-N/C）were synthesized by high temperature ferrous nitrate,zinc nitrate and 2-methylimidazole.The results show that Fe-N/C has good bionic enzyme properties,high sensitivity and selectivity for hydrogen peroxide detection.It can be used to determine the content of H₂O₂in serum successfully.