Multidimensional Evaluation Of River Management Policies Using Ecosystem Services Approach

Rivers provide extremely rich and important ecosystem services for human beings,and river management policies are often an important factor affecting the delivery of ecosystem services.Assessing river management policies from the perspective of ecosystem services is not only an important research content for sustainable river management,but also provides important basis for optimizing the allocation of river water and soil resources.However,multidimensional evaluation based on ecosystem services is still rare.In terms of the management mode of river ecosystem services,the text of national river management policy of River Chief System is used as the research example,and the types of ecosystem services,the values of ecosystem services,the relationships between ecosystem services and stakeholders are summarized into four aspects.The hierarchical index system and its keyword sequence are established by text content analysis method.Evaluation of policy management models for ecosystem services;In terms of the integration level of ecosystem service methods,local river management policy texts were used as research examples to measure the keyword frequency of similar management policy texts and ecosystem service indicators,and to evaluate the integration degree of river management policies to ecosystem services.In terms of the ecosystem service effects of river management policies,the following Jing jiang river protected areas with different management measures and different years were studied as sample areas.By comparing the differences of ecosystem services effects under different management measures,the changes of ecosystem services in the past 30 years before and after the protection of protected areas were analyzed to reveal the ecosystem services effects under river management measures.The results are as follows:(1)In terms of the ecosystem services management model of the river management policy,the national River Chief System policy only selectively solves the problem of river management based on ecosystem services,focusing on reducing pollutants in the types of ecosystem services,regulating the supply and value of sand mining and drinking water,and the limited part of trade-offs/synergies is managed to a certain extent.The regulatory focus on policies is managers,whose intervention levels are25.71,11.05,10.67,4.53,9.61 and 12.51.Besides,except a few provinces with developed water systems and humid climate,most provinces generally have a low intervention level in ecosystem services.The evaluation results reflect the policy management model of River Chief System oriented by practical problems rather than driven by river ecosystem services.(2)In terms of the integration level of ecosystem services in river management policies,the selected sample of provincial river management policies showed that the existing policies had a high degree of integration of the main types of river ecosystem services,but rarely included stakeholders and ecosystem services values into the policies,with the integration degree of 77.12,7.53 and 6.72.It shows that local policies have a tendency to integrate the nature of various ecosystem services,which reflects that the application of ecosystem services method in decision-making is still very insufficient.(3)In terms of the ecosystem services effect of river management policies,the total value of ecosystem services for the flood plain system managed by national nature reserves showed an increasing trend,with a net increase of 14.63×10~6 yuan,which was mainly related to the transition of land use mode with high human intervention to semi-natural or natural ecological space units.However,for the flood plain system under the management of provincial nature reserves,the total value of ecosystem services decreased continuously in the second decade after the implementation of management and protection,with a net decrease of 63.53×10~6 yuan,mainly due to the increase in the area of dry land,paddy land and construction land and the decrease in the area of wetland and beach land,indicating the difference between the two management modes.It reflects that the former is a holistic and exclusive management mode,which is less affected by human interference activities,while the latter is a non-holistic management mode,which only strictly manages the water area,but does not manage the floodplain system such as wetlands,and does not take restoration measures,resulting in a relatively intense intensity of human activities in these places.