Research On Laser Processing Technology For Complex Surface Bionic Microstructures

Based on the excellent properties of plant and animal surface microstructures,the fabrication of similar bionic microstructures on the surface of workpieces can enhance the performance of the system by providing resistance,anti-fouling and superhydrophobic functions.Traditional mechanical machining methods for microstructure processing suffer from tool wear and cannot be applied on a large scale,especially for complex curved surfaces,which are difficult to balance accuracy and efficiency.Laser has become an effective choice for microstructure processing due to its high efficiency and low cost.In this paper,the microstructure processing technology of laser in complex surfaces was researched,and the specific work is as follows:Firstly,based on the characteristics of bionic microstructures,the requirements of laser processing of microstructures are presented,and the error sources and correction methods of the system are analyzed based on the control principle of the laser processing system.The influencing factors of the material surface removal morphology are obtained from the process of lasermaterial interaction and laser energy distribution.Next,the temperature field model of the laser processing process is established using finite element software to realize the temperature field under the action of single pulse and multi-pulse and the change of material morphology under different power,and the influence of each process parameter of laser on the ablation size and processed morphology of flat specimens is analyzed by single-factor test.Based on the effects of laser incidence angle on spot shape,energy density and etch line width,constraints on the laser incidence direction in 3D surface processing are established.Then,the processing errors caused by the deviation between the actual and theoretical values of the laser beam waist position during the optical path movement of the galvanometer scanning laser processing system are corrected.The relationship between optical path control and turntable motion in the laser processing system is analyzed,a multi-axis kinematic model of the laser optical path system and the electronically controlled turntable is established,and the expression of the turntable rotation angle corresponding to the feasible laser incidence direction in the machine coordinate system is derived.Based on the constraint of laser incidence angle,the processing area of the surface is divided,so that the processing method of microstructure is converted to fixed-axis partitioning processing,and the path planning of laser processing of the blade surface is realized by solving the feasible rotation angle of the processing point.Finally,the secondary development of UG based on C# language,combined with the process parameters of laser processing and laser path planning to design the CAM software for microstructure laser processing,completed the functional modules of surface layout,path planning,processing parameters selection and execution of microstructure,providing an operational path for microstructure processing of complex surface workpieces.