Research On The Policy Effect Of National Independent Innovation Demonstration Zones On Carbon Emissions

At present,China is facing serious ecological problems,which seriously restrict the economic growth and social development of Chinese society.China’s own international context dictates that we cannot transfer environmental pollution to countries that are less developed,as developed countries have done.Only technological innovation can truly solve China’s environmental problems.In the 13 th Five-Year Plan,it is pointed out that we should base on the national independent innovation demonstration zone to drive the overall improvement of regional innovation level.National independent innovation demonstration zone is a leading spatial carrier and innovation highland for innovation elements,and it is an inseparable and important part of the development of low-carbon economy,and it is an important academic topic to study its effect on carbon emissions.Based on this,this paper takes carbon emissions as a research object.This paper regards the pilot policy of the national independent innovation demonstration zone as a quasi-natural experiment and reveals the impact and mechanism of the pilot policy of the national independent innovation demonstration zone on carbon emissions in the pilot area.First,this paper obtains the total carbon dioxide emissions of each city by adding the direct and indirect emissions of carbon dioxide.Secondly,this paper uses a multi-period double-difference model to evaluate the policy effect of the national independent innovation demonstration zone pilot policy on carbon emissions,and conducts a robustness test on the results of the baseline regression.Thirdly,this paper conducts a heterogeneity analysis and studies the differences in the impact of national independent innovation demonstration zone pilot policies on carbon emissions from three aspects: geographical location,administrative level,and leading industries.Finally,this paper investigates the mechanisms and paths of influence of the pilot policies of the national innovation demonstration zone on carbon emissions in three dimensions: green technology innovation,energy intensity and economic agglomeration.The main research results of this paper are as follows:(1)The pilot policy of the national independent innovation demonstration zone has a significant carbon emission reduction effect on the pilot area and can promote the development of a low-carbon economy.The parallel trend test reveals that the policy effect shows a dynamic trend of increasing and then decreasing in time.Subsequently,the endogeneity problem was solved by using the historical ancient capital as an instrumental variable,and the robustness of the baseline regression results was proved by the PSM-DID test,placebo test,and the method of replacing the explained variable.(2)There is heterogeneity in the impact of the national independent innovation demonstration zone pilot policy on carbon emissions,including the heterogeneous impact caused by differences in geographical location,differences in urban administrative levels,and differences in leading industries in cities.The specific performance is: in terms of geographical location,the national independent innovation demonstration zone pilot policy has a significant inhibitory effect on carbon emissions in the eastern,central,and western regions,and its inhibitory effect on the western region is stronger;in terms of administrative level,the national independent innovation demonstration zone pilot policy has a significant inhibitory effect on carbon emissions for both high-level and low-level cities,and its inhibitory effect is stronger for high-level cities;in terms of leading industries,the pilot policy of the national independent innovation demonstration zone has a significant inhibitory effect on carbon emissions for cities dominated by the secondary industry and cities dominated by the tertiary industry,and its inhibitory effect on cities dominated by the tertiary industry is stronger.(3)The national independent innovation demonstration zone pilot policy can curb urban carbon dioxide emissions by improving the level of green technology innovation and economic agglomeration,and reducing energy intensity.Through theoretical analysis,this paper believes that after the construction of the national independent innovation demonstration zone,the regional innovation effect can develop low-carbon and environmentally friendly technologies,thereby reducing carbon dioxide emissions;by reducing the proportion of energy consumption in GDP and reducing the consumption of fossil energy,the emission of carbon dioxide will be reduced;the national independent innovation demonstration zone brings together various economic elements in the region to achieve an effective allocation of resources and reduce carbon emissions.Based on the above conclusions,this paper puts forward the following policy suggestions:(1)Strengthen the promotion and implementation of pilot policies for national independent innovation demonstration zones,increase policy publicity,and improve the operability and enforceability of policies.Emphasize the development of innovation efficiency,realize scientific planning and efficient allocation,and strictly control input and output loss,so as to ensure the efficiency and quality of innovation results.(2)When implementing the pilot policy of the national independent innovation demonstration zones,it should be adjusted flexibly according to the actual situation,and avoid a unified development mode regardless of the actual situation.(3)Improving the adjustment level of urban industrial structure Only by continuously optimizing the urban industrial structure can we better adapt to the needs of low-carbon economic development and achieve sustainable development.(4)Promote the pilot policy of national independent innovation demonstration zones to realize the conduction path of carbon emission reduction.