Study On The Quality Equivalence Of Different Varieties Of Mulberry Branche

In order to screen out the best quality,safe and controllable mulberry branch,in this study,three varieties(Morus alba L.,M.australis Poir.,and M.cathayana Hemsl.)were collected from 9 sampling sites in different districts and counties of Chongqing(Linjiang Town of Kaizhou District,Dajin Town of Kaizhou District,Anlan Town of Banan District,Fenshui Town of Wanzhou District,Huangjueya Town of Nanan District,Shuanghe Town of Yunyang County,Tiansheng street of Beibei District,Xinmin Town of Fengjie County,Baianba Street of Wanzhou District).A total of 18 batches of mulberry branch samples in the active ingredients,safety indicators,nutritional components were determined and analyzed,compared the 18 batches of mulberry branch samples in the composition differences,combined with these indicators,the best quality,safe and controllable mulberry branch,to provide reference for further research and development of mulberry branch,but also for clinical medicine to provide data basis and theoretical support.The contents of 17 amino acids in mulberry tree were determined by acid hydrolysis,Phenyl isothiocyanate(PITC)pre-column derivatization and Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography(UPLC)method.The automatic Kjeldt nitrogen analyzer method,Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry(ICP-MS)and Atomic Fluorescence method were used Spectroscopy,(AFS)determines 25 elements on mulberry trees.The content of five flavonoids in mulberry branches was measured by UPLC method.Principal component analysis,cluster analysis and significance analysis of experimental data were carried out by SPSS 26.0 software,and the quality difference of different varieties of mulberry branches was analyzed.The specific research results are as follows:(1)There were 17 amino acids in 18 batches of mulberry branch samples collected from 9 sampling sites in different districts and counties of Chongqing.The 17 amino acids were in the range of their mass concentration.The peak area and concentration showed a good linear relationship,and the correlation coefficient R was 0.997 9 ～ 0.999 9.17 kinds of amino acids were detected in 18 batches of mulberry branches.The total amount of amino acids in mulberry branches ranged from 41.09 to 111.70 mg/g,with an average content of 64.48 mg/g.Seven essential amino acids were detected,and the total content ranged from 16.88 to 35.45 mg/g,with an average content of 23.53 mg/g.Nine kinds of medicinal amino acids were detected,the average total content of which was 35.58 mg/g,accounting for 52.09 % ～ 61.94 % of the total amino acids.There was no difference in the amino acid types of different mulberry branches,but the content of amino acids was quite different,among which the average content of proline and glutamic acid was 10.49 mg/g and 6.37 mg/g,the highest.They accounted for 16.28 % and 9.88 % of total amino acids,respectively.(2)25 elements,such as N,Ca,K,P,Mg,Al,Fe,Zn,Cu,Sr,Ba,Mn,Na,B,Pb,Ni,Cr,Mo,Sn,Co,As,Se,Cd,Sb and Hg,were detected in 18 batches of mulberry branch samples collected from 9 sampling sites in different districts and counties of Chongqing.Among the 25 elements,the highest average content was Ca(13.23 mg/g),followed by N(12.75 mg/g),K(7.99 mg/g),P(2.62 mg/g),Mg(1.39 mg/g).The element with the lowest average content was Hg(0.022 μg/g),and the elements in descending order were Ca,N,K,P,Mg,Al,Fe,Zn,Cu,Sr,Ba,Mn,Na,B,Pb,Ni,Cr,Mo,Sn,Co,As,Se,Cd,Sb,and Hg.Among the heavy metals,the content of Hg is the lowest,ranging from 0.011 μg/g to 0.036μg/g,with an average content of 0.022 μg/g,followed by Cd and As,ranging from 0.012μg/g to 0.179 μg/g and 0.052 μg/g to 0.168 μg/g.The average content of inorganic elements was 0.052 μg/g and 0.099 μg/g,respectively.The highest content of inorganic elements was Ca with an average content of 13.23 mg/g,followed by K with an average content of 7.99 mg/g,and the highest content of trace elements was Al with an average content of 92.45 μg/g.Cluster analysis can divide 18 batches of mulberry branches of different varieties into three categories,among which,M.australis.(S4)from Anlan Town in Banan District is one category,M.australis.(S8)from Huangjueyya town in Nanan District,M.cathayana.(S9)from Huangjueyya Town in Nanan District and M.australis.(S14)from Xinmin town in Fengjie County are one category,and the other 14 batches of mulberry branch samples are grouped into one category.The results of cluster analysis are consistent with the ranking results of principal component composite scores in principal component analysis.(3)Five flavonoids,including rutin,mulberry pigment,kaempferol,isoquercitrin,and morusin,were detected in 18 batches of mulberry branch samples collected from 9sampling sites in different districts and counties of Chongqing,but there was a great difference in content.The average content of the five flavonoids was from high to low as morusin,mulberry pigment,rutin,isoquercitrin,kaempferol.The average content of the highest content of morusin was 135.154 μg/g,The lowest content of kaempferol average content was 6.929 μg/g.The contents of five kinds of flavonoids in the branches of different mulberry varieties were significantly different.The total flavonoids of M.cathayana.was the highest(249.999 μg/g),and the contents of morusin,mulberry pigment and kaempferol in M.cathayana.were the highest(176.182μg/g,52.037μg/g,7.467μg/g),but the contents of rutin and isoquercitrin in M.cathayana were the lowest.The content of rutin in M.alba was the highest(10.875 μg/g),and the content of isoquercitrin in M.australis.was the highest(8.226 μg/g).