Study On The Measurement Of Ecological Performance Level And Influencing Factors In The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei-Shanxi Region

After the reform and opening up,China’s economy has entered a stage of high-quality development,the process of urbanization and industrialization has accelerated,the traditional economic development model has caused harm to local resources and ecology,and environmental problems have become increasingly serious.The study of ecological performance has become a hot topic today,and the effective evaluation of ecological performance is not only conducive to improving the performance level,but also promoting the sustainable development of the economy and obtaining both economic and ecological benefits.This paper takes Beijing,Tianjin,Hebei and Shanxi regions as the research object,and 2011-2020 as the research period,constructs an evaluation index system from the economic dimension,resource dimension and environmental dimension,and uses the super-efficiency SBM-DEA model and Malmquist index to carry out static and dynamic measurement of ecological performance in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei-Shanxi region respectively.Based on the measurement results,six factors including the level of economic development,industrial structure,energy consumption,the level of opening to the outside world,the level of scientific and technological development and the level of environmental protection investment were selected to analyze their regression with Tobit model.On this basis,corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to improve the ecological performance in Beijing,Tianjin,Hebei and Shanxi regions.The main research results are as follows:From a static point of view,the performance level of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei-Shanxi region is not very high.The mean ecological performance is 0.711,and the overall fluctuation is on the rise,rising from 0.729 in2011 to 0.742 in 2020,an increase of 1.69%.The highest was 0.820 in 2019 and the lowest was 0.662 in 2017.This shows that the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei-Shanxi region towards a green and sustainable development model,but there is a lot of room for improvement.At the provincial(municipal)scale,the ecological performance values from high to low are Beijing,Tianjin,Hebei and Shanxi.On the city scale,there are only 7 cities with a performance measure value of more than 1,from high to low,they are Beijing,Lvliang,Cangzhou,Baoding,Tangshan,Langfang and Hengshui.The highest was 1.270 in Datong,and the lowest was 0.239.The difference between the two cities was 5.32 times,indicating that the development of regional ecological performance level was unbalanced.From the perspective of Malmquist Index Dynamics,the Malmquist Index of Beijing,Tianjin,Hebei and Shanxi also showed an upward trend of volatility,rising from 1.125 in 2011-2012 to 1.126 in 2019-2020,a smaller increase.At the provincial(municipal)scale,The Malmquist Index of Beijing is the highest,followed by Tianjin and Hebei,and Shanxi is the lowest.Technical Efficiency Index from high to low is Shanxi province,Hebei province,Beijing,Tianjin.Tianjin has the highest production technology change index,followed by Beijing and Hebei,and Shanxi province has the lowest.On an urban scale,all but Changzhi,Jincheng and Lvliang have average values of more than one.The technical efficiency of 24 cities increased by 1.77%,except for Tianjin,Chengde,Cangzhou and Lvliang.There is a downward trend in production technology,with a decrease of 2.24 per cent,and 21 cities have an index of change in production technology greater than 1,indicating that the level of technology in these cities is on the rise in the period 2011-2020.The contribution rate of production technology change to Malmquist Index is the largest,so cities need to increase the input of production technology to improve their performance.From the perspective of influencing factors of ecological performance,three factors have a positive promoting effect on ecological performance.According to the coefficients of influencing factors,they are successively: economic development level,environmental protection input level and industrial structure.According to the results of the study,the countermeasures and suggestions are as follows:(1)promote the balanced development of regions and narrow the development gap between different regions;(2)Efficient use of resources and energy to strengthen the construction of ecological environment;(3)Strengthen the development of science and technology and enhance the level of technological innovation;(4)Increase investment in environmental protection and support participation in environmental protection;(5)Improving the level of opening up to the outside world and ensuring the quality of economic development.