Study On Flame Retardant Modification And Functionalization Of Raw Lacquer

Raw lacquer is a kind of natural polymer composite material,which has been used as a natural coating for more than seven thousand years.Because of its good acid resistance,durability,hardness and other advantages,it is widely used in coating protection,adhesives,crafts and other fields.However,raw lacquer has some shortcomings such as flammability,high viscosity is not easy to construct and poor alkaline resistance,especially flammability,which limits its application field.Therefore,a kind of flame retardant which has good compatibility with raw lacquer,good flame retardancy and takes into account the optimization of other properties of raw lacquer has been developed.The preparation of new flame retardant materials based on raw lacquer is of great significance to broaden the application field of raw lacquer,reduce the waste of resources,reduce the occurrence of fire accidents and protect the safety of people’s life and property.Based on the above discussion,the main contents of this dissertation are summarized as follows:（1）Using melamine as raw material,a kind of green intumescent nitrogenous-phosphorus compound flame retardant（IFR）was synthesized,and the flame retardant lacquer film（RL/IFR）was prepared.The flame retardancy and thermal stability of the RL/IFR were studied by LOI,UL-94 and TGA.The flame retardant mechanism was investigated by FT-IR,MCC and SEM.The results showed that the LOI of the RL/IFR reached 30.2%,and the vertical combustion of RL/IFR reached UL-94 V-0with the addition of 30 wt%of IFR.Compared with the natural lacquer film,the adhesion,hardness and gloss of the RL/IFR have been improved.（2）In order to improve the compatibility between flame retardant and raw lacquer and improve the flame retardant efficiency,a composite flame retardant（FR）composed of ionic liquid（[TBP][BF₄]）,ammonium polyphosphate and diatomite was used to modify raw lacquer.The flammability and thermal performance were evaluated by LOI,UL-94 and TGA.The flame-retardant lacquer film（FR/RL）was characterized by FT-IR and SEM.The results showed that when the raw lacquer was modified by adding 10 wt%[TBP][BF₄],20 wt%ammonium polyphosphate and 5wt%diatomite,the LOI of the lacquer film was 30.5%,and the UL-94 was V-0.Compared with the natural lacquer film,the compatibility and alkali resistance of the FR/RL were better improved.（3）In order to improve the viscosity of raw lacquer,construction difficulties and other problems,expand the application of raw lacquer.Using polyvinylpyrrolidone（PVP）and polyacrylonitrile（PAN）as raw material,the raw lacquer nanofilm was prepared by electrospinning process.The raw lacquer nanofilm was characterized by FT-IR EDS and SEM,and the properties and applications of nanofilm were studied.The results showed that raw lacquer nanofilm could be prepared by optimizing the process parameters,and the properties of PVP and pan were improved.It can be used as nano protective layer,which broadens the application field of raw lacquer.