Study On The Adsorption Properties Of Citric Acid Modified Alkalized Ti₃C₂MXene For Eu（Ⅲ） And Basic Red 46

With the increasing development of science and technology,people have put forward higher and higher requirements for the living environment on which they live.However,industrial wastes are inevitably discharged into the water environment with the continuous progress of a series of industrial activities.These industrial wastes not only contain radionuclides,but also discharged largely,refractory and carcinogenic organic dyes.Therefore,the safe and efficient treatments of wastewater have become an important issue of concern to all mankind.Adsorption has the advantages of low cost,convenient operation,no secondary pollution,and great application potential in the field of polluted water.In this paper,citric acid alkalized titanium carbide composite（CA-Alk-TC）through the modification of MXene was prepared to treat Eu³⁺and basic red 46 dyes in aqueous solution,respectively.These studies could provide experience for wastewater treatment.The citric acid-functionalized alkalized MXene complex（CA-Alk-TC）was synthesized by citric acid modifying alkalized MXene.The structures and morphologies of the materials before and after modification were characterized by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）,X-ray diffractometer（XRD）and energy dispersive spectroscopy（EDS）.Batch experiments were conducted to explore the adsorption performance of CA-Alk-TC for Eu（III）,and its adsorption capacity for Eu³⁺under optimized conditions reached 117.87 mg/g.The adsorption isotherm and kinetic studies showed that the adsorption of Eu³⁺onto CA-Alk-TC was combined with a pseudo-second-order kinetic model,and the process of isotherm adsorption conforming to Freundlich model.The thermodynamic parametersΔH>0 andΔG<0 indicated that the adsorption process was a spontaneous endothermic reaction.By optimizing the conditions,citric acid-modified alkalized titanium carbides（CA-Alk-TC-4,CA-Alk-TC-6,CA-Alk-TC-8）with different compound ratios were synthesized.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）,thermogravimetric analysis（TGA）and BET analysis were used to analyze the materials’structure,surface groups,stability and specific surface area.In this part,the adsorption performance of basic red 46（BR46）was explored,and the following factors were explored respectively:solid-liquid ratio,adsorption kinetics of materials with different composite ratios,p H,initial concentration and temperature.Under the optimal conditions,the solid-liquid ratio was 5g/L,the compound ratio was 6:1,the reaction time was 60min,p H=5,the initial concentration was 140mg/L,and the temperature was 308 K,the maximum adsorption capacity of BR46 was 230.95 mg/g.The kinetics fitted the pseudo-second-order model,and the isotherms were combined with the Langmuir model.ΔH>0,ΔS>0,ΔG<0 indicated that the adsorption process of basic red 46 was spontaneous and endothermic.