| The quality of the ecological environment is related to the daily life of human beings and is an indispensable basic condition for the economic development and social progress of a region.The ecological environment is fragile and susceptible to the influence of natural factors and human activities,while the quality of the ecological environment is also affected by meteorological,terrain,economic,climate and other factors,which may lead to changes in the quality of the ecological environment.Therefore,a comprehensive and objective evaluation of the quality of the ecological environment is of great significance to the sustainable development of the region.Jiaozuo City is located in the core area of the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration of Henan Province,rich in natural resources,including Yuntai Mountain,Qingtian River,Qinglong Gorge,Fenglin Gorge,Shennong Mountain and other nature reserves.Based on the Landsat series satellite remote sensing image data of 2000,2010 and 2020,this paper extracts the four index information of humidity(WET),greenness(NDVI),dryness(NDBSI)and heat(LST),and calculates the Remote Sensing Ecological Index(RSEI)by using the principal component analysis method to evaluate the ecological environment quality.The spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of the ecological environment quality of Jiaozuo City were analyzed.The effects of precipitation,vegetation coverage and land use type on the quality of ecological environment were analyzed by linear regression,geographically weighted regression and transfer matrix.The main conclusions drawn in this paper are as follows:(1)In 2000,2010 and 2020,there were significant differences in the distribution of the RSEI grades(excellent,good,medium,poor,bad)in Jiaozuo City,but the basic normal distribution was normal,that is,the land area in the three grades of good,medium and poor was larger,and the area of the grades in the excellent and bad was smaller.The main distribution of the superior grade is in the northern Yuntai Mountain and other contiguous mountainous areas;Grades of good and medium are mainly distributed at the foot of the hills on slopes and plains of cultivated land;The poor are mainly distributed in towns and surrounding areas;The main distribution of bad grade is in the Yellow River beach in the south of Jiaozuo City.(2)In 2000,2010 and 2020,the average RSEI values of Jiaozuo City were0.4468,0.5601 and 0.5423,respectively,and the overall ecological quality level showed a trend of substantial improvement and then slight decrease.Looking at the changes in the past 20 years,the ecological quality in 2020 has improved compared with 2000,and the rate of change in the first decade is greater than that in the next decade.The main changes occurred at the junction of the northern mountains and the plains cities,and the ecological environment in the northern mountainous areas such as Yuntai Mountain improved significantly.The ecological environment of the area in the south of Jiaozuo City near the Yellow River side has also been greatly improved.(3)There is a hierarchical conversion for RSEI levels.From 2000 to 2010,the excellent level has undergone great changes;Between 2010 and 2020,the hierarchy of Medium changed considerably.Different tiers are converted between adjacent tiers,with fewer conversions across tiers.It shows that in the current research time period,the ecological environment changes are not drastic,and the transformation of ecological quality has certain limitations,which is a dynamic transformation process,which mostly exists in the transformation between adjacent levels,showing a steady and progressive trend.(4)The change in the RSEI index in Jiaozuo City is affected by a combination of factors.The correlation coefficient between rainfall and RSEI is 0.3148,indicating that the correlation between the two is small;The correlation coefficient between vegetation coverage and RSEI is 0.745,indicating that vegetation coverage is a key influencing factor of the RSEI index.Land use change and ecological environment change trend are similar,the quantity of woodland and grassland is the main factor affecting the quality of the ecological environment,other land-use types have little influence on them.In the past 20 years,the forest area of Jiaozuo City has been relatively stable and concentrated in the northern mountainous areas,indicating that Jiaozuo City has always placed the northern nature reserves in an important position in planning and ecological management,and these nature reserves have also made great contributions to the ecological quality of Jiaozuo City.The northern mountainous areas have many tourism resources,while accelerating the construction of tourism,we should increase the intensity of ecological environmental protection,through afforestation,rational allocation of forest resources and other means,increase the coverage of forest vegetation,and further improve the quality of the ecological environment in the northern mountainous areas.In this paper,the changing characteristics and influencing factors of ecological environment quality of Jiaozuo City are analyzed by using the ecological environment quality evaluation model,which is of great significance for the selection and formulation of environmental protection strategies in Jiaozuo City.In this paper,the ecological environment quality evaluation model is used to analyze the transformation characteristics of the ecological environment quality of Jiaozuo City in the past 20 years,and the factors affecting the change of ecological environment quality are analyzed from the perspectives of rainfall factors,vegetation coverage and land structure changes.Since 2000,Jiaozuo City has carried out industrial restructuring,increased investment in ecological environment restoration and construction,and gradually transformed from a resource-depleted city to a green ecological city dominated by landscape tourism.The evaluation of the quality of the ecological environment is conducive to the sustainable development of the ecological environment of Jiaozuo City,promotes the further development of landscape tourism in Jiaozuo City,and improves the regional economic level.It has important reference significance for the ecological environment governance and sustainable development of urban construction in Jiaozuo City. |
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