| With the development of continuous casting technology,the enterprises’ requirements for ladle performance have become more stringent.The improvement of ladle performance is generally concentrated in the direction of super insulation,long life and light weight,etc.At present,researchers mainly study one or two of these directions,and there is a lack of research work that combines all three.On the premise of not reducing the ladle volume,improving the ladle insulation performance,extending the ladle life and reducing the ladle weight are of great significance to improve the quality of cast billets,reduce enterprise costs and save energy.In this paper,through the study of temperature field and stress field of traditional ladle,combined with genetic algorithm to optimize the structure of refractory lining,a new type of ladle is designed efficiently and accurately to achieve better effect in terms of heat preservation,long life and light weight,etc.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Parametric modeling of ladle finite element model.Based on heat transfer theory,the changes of heat transfer in the ladle throughout the casting cycle is analyzed,the boundary conditions of the ladle are determined,and the parametric modeling of the ladle finite element is realized in ABAQUS using Python in combination with finite element technology to provide a basis for the subsequent refractory lining optimization.(2)Numerical simulation of temperature and stress fields of conventional ladle under typical working conditions.The results show that the stress levels in the ladle are almost constant in both empty and full ladle states,the hydrostatic pressure of the steel has a small effect on the stress variation in the ladle.When the refractory liner expansion pressure is not considered,the ladle shell stress level decreases significantly,the refractory liner expansion pressure has an important effect on the generation of thermal stress in the ladle shell.(3)Optimized design of new ladle liner structure based on multi-objective genetic algorithm.The response surface models of the thickness of each layer of the new refractory liner and the ladle mass,volume,maximum temperature of the ladle shell and maximum stress of the refractory liner under the first casting cycle condition are established,and the multi-objective optimization is combined with genetic algorithm,and the results show that when the thicknesses of the adiabatic insulation felt,safety layer and working layer are 6.067 mm,68.152 mm and138.13 mm respectively,the ladle achieves the best combination of insulation,longevity and light weight.(4)Numerical simulation of the temperature and stress fields of the new ladle under typical working conditions.The optimized ladle is verified by finite element analysis and comparison with the optimized results.The results show that compared with the traditional ladle,the highest temperature of the optimized new ladle shell is204℃,the maximum stress of the refractory lining is 44.72 Mpa,and the ladle mass is 56851 Kg,and the error between the calculated and predicted values of the optimized target is less than 1%,which prove the accuracy of the optimized model.The maximum temperature of the new ladle shell designed in this paper is reduced by 65.83℃,the maximum stress of the refractory lining is reduced by2.45 Mpa,and the ladle mass is reduced by 1754 Kg.The new ladle has different degrees of improvement in insulation,longevity and light weight,which provides a new idea for the optimization of the refractory lining of the ladle. |
