Energy Efficiency Analysis And Temperature Control Strategy Of Stationary Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell System

In order to cope with the environmental crisis and help China achieve its two-carbon goal,the proportion of renewable energy has increased rapidly in recent years.However,due to the limitations of new energy power generation devices and the mismatch between power generation and electricity consumption in terms of time and region,the consumption capacity of renewable energy has become a major challenge for the current power grid development.Energy storage is one of the effective ways to alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand and improve the consumption of power grid.Hydrogen energy storage technology has significant advantages in daytime energy storage,which can not only realize large-scale energy storage,but also realize regional heat load supply at the same time as chemical energy storage.In the hydrogen energy storage system,after the energy generated by renewable energy is converted into hydrogen for storage,it needs to use proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)to convert it into stable electric energy output.The heat generation of fuel cell is a key link in the process of hydrogen energy storage.Therefore,this paper focuses on the stationary proton exchange membrane fuel cell system,and adopts the method of system modeling and experimental verification to study the output characteristics of the combined heat and power supply system,and optimize the system control strategy.Specific contents include:First of all,based on the electrochemical mechanism and thermodynamic analysis method of PEMFC,a mathematical model of PEMFC reactor was established by Matlab/Simulink simulation platform.The simulation results are compared with the manufacturer’s test data to verify the reliability of the model.Based on this model,the output characteristics of electric energy and thermal energy and the influencing factors are analyzed.Secondly,a 60kW fuel cell system is designed and introduced.Energy efficiency modeling is carried out for the main energy-consuming components of the system.Combined with the reactor model,the system energy efficiency model of PEMFC is established.Based on the analysis of the energy distribution of the reactor,it is proposed that the energy utilization rate of the system can be improved by adding a water separator to the air tail gas part of the system,and the parasitic power loss ratio during the operation of the fuel cell system is analyzed.Finally,the structure and key component selection of the 60kW proton exchange membrane fuel cell system prototype are introduced,and the steady-state characteristic test of the system is carried out by using the prototype,and the steady-state output characteristic of the system and the single-voltage operation consistency of the fuel cell are tested and verified.The control objective of the fuel cell system operating temperature stability was determined.According to the control strategy,the controller simulation of traditional PID,fuzzy PID and particle swarm optimization fuzzy PID were designed respectively.By simulating a group of actual operating fuel cell current input,the control effect of the three controllers was compared and analyzed by using the established model.