Study On Extraction And Microcapsule Preparation Of Acer Mono Maxim Seed Oil

Acer mono Maximowicz is a deciduous tree of the genus Acer in the family Aceraceae.It is widely distributed in Northeast China,North China and the provinces of the Yangtze River Basin.It is a common greening tree species,and a large number of wing fruits are wasted every year.The seed oil of Acer mono Maxim.is rich in trace elements,vitamins and fatty acids,and the composition is reasonable.Unsaturated fatty acid content up to 92%,also contains important physiological function of nerve acid,is a high quality vegetable oil,with great marketability.In this paper,the extraction process was optimized by using ultrasound-assisted extraction of Acer mono Maxim.seed oil from Acer mono Maxim.seed.The fatty acid composition and physicochemical properties of Acer mono Maxim.seed oil extracted by ultrasonic assisted extraction method and traditional Soxhlet extraction method were compared and analyzed.On this basis,a freeze-drying method was used to prepare microcapsules of Acer mono Maxim.seed oil,with a view to providing a basis and theoretical basis for the development and utilization of Acer mono Maxim.seed oil.The specific research results are as follows:1.Study on ultrasonic assisted extraction of Acer mono Maxim seed oil:The oil yield and oil quality of six organic solvents,petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,methanol,n-butanol,acetone and ethanol,were analyzed and compared.Finally,petroleum ether was selected as the extraction solvent of Acer mono Maxim seed oil.The four factors of solid-liquid ratio,ultrasonic time,ultrasonic power and ultrasonic temperature were analyzed.Based on the single factor experiment,the oil yield was used as the index,and the factors affecting the oil yield were optimized by response surface methodology.The optimum process was as follows:the solid-liquid ratio was 1:17.50 g·m L^-1,the ultrasonic time was 62 min,and the ultrasonic power was 350 W.The oil yield of Acer mono Maxim seed oil was 30.00%,which was basically consistent with the expected oil yield,and the model was optimized successfully.2.Analysis of fatty acid composition and physicochemical properties of Acer mono Maxim seed oil:The physical and chemical properties of Acer mono Maxim seed oil extracted by different processes were determined by the national standard method of each index.The results showed that the physical and chemical properties of the oil obtained by ultrasonic assisted extraction and Soxhlet extraction were as follows:acid value:2.3 mg·g^-1,2.4 mg·g^-1;iodine value:129.831 g·100g^-1,129.828 g·100g^-1;peroxide value:0.240 mmol·kg^-1,0.243mmol·kg^-1;saponification value:173.91mg·g^-1,173.97 mg·g^-1.The results of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry showed that there were 19 fatty acid types in Acer mono Maxim seed oil,and the representative fatty acid was linoleic acid（42.4%）,of which unsaturated fatty acids accounted for up to 92%.The results of physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition showed that ultrasonic-assisted extraction not only did not affect the original fatty acid composition of the oil,but also improved the quality of the oil,and could achieve efficient extraction of Acer mono Maxim seed oil.3.Preparation of Acer mono Maxim seed oil microcapsules:with Acer mono Maxim seed oil as the core material and octenyl succinic acid starch ester as the wall material,the five factors of solid content,core-wall ratio,homogenization time,homogenization speed and emulsification temperature were analyzed.Based on the single factor experiment,the embedding rate was used as the index to optimize the response surface of the factors affecting the embedding rate of microcapsules.The optimum process was as follows:the solid content was 35%,the core-wall ratio was 1:4 g·g^-1,and the homogenization speed was 14 k r·min^-1.The embedding rate of Acer mono Maxim seed oil microcapsules was 73.68%,there is almost no difference from the expected embedding rate of 74.10%.The model was optimized successfully.4.Analysis of quality,structure characterization and storage stability of Acer mono Maxim seed oil microcapsules:the microcapsules prepared by this process were white solid powder with uniform particles,good fluidity and solubility.After dissolution,they were milky white liquid without stratification and floating matter.The results of particle size,SEM,FTIR,XRD and TGA structural characterization showed that there was no new chemical bond and functional group formation in the prepared microcapsules.It was embedded in the physical sense and could well retain the physiological function of the core oil.The oxidation stability of the microcapsules was greatly improved,which solved the problems in storage and transportation.