| ObjectiveAnalyze the land use patterns and contaminated site management needs in the Pearl River Delta region,conduct research on population exposure scenarios based on different land use patterns,screen out population exposure parameters with regional representativeness,conduct localized research on exposure parameters based on population time behavior activity pattern surveys and form a set of recommended values to provide basic support for risk assessment and prevention of contaminated sites in the Pearl River Delta region.MethodsThrough basic data collection and literature research,this study clarifies the characteristics of land use patterns in the Pearl River Delta,analyzes the sensitive population and exposure routes of sites under different use functions,and completes the screening of regional population exposure sensitivity parameters by combining the calculation of health risk assessment model for contaminated sites and the qualitative analysis of Areal feature parameters,During the questionnaire survey,11068 people were selected from the typical areas of the the Pearl River Delta by cross sectional study and random sampling method to conduct a population exposure parameter survey,and collect the basic information of the respondents and the information on the duration of stay in various places.The variance analysis was used to analyze the differences of activity patterns of different population characteristics,and the recommended values of exposure parameters of indigenous population in the the Pearl River Delta were formed.ResultsDetermine that oral intake,skin contact with soil,inhalation of indoor soil particles,inhalation of outdoor soil particles,inhalation of outdoor vapor from surface soil,inhalation of outdoor vapor from lower soil,and inhalation of indoor vapor from lower soil are the main pathways of exposure for people in polluted sites in the Pearl River Delta region;The localization parameter system for screening and constructing pollution sites in the Pearl River Delta region includes the following four categories of indicators: height(adult,child),weight(adult,child),daily air respiration(adult,child),indoor exposure frequency(adult,child),and outdoor exposure frequency(adult,child);The results of local research on population exposure parameters are as follows: the average height of adults in the Pearl River Delta region is 162.5cm,the average weight is61.7kg,the daily air breathing volume is 14.7m3/d,the average height of children is 108.75 cm,the average weight is 18.8kg,and the daily air breathing volume is 8.6m3/d.The indoor exposure frequencies of adults in science and education land,residential land,commercial land,and industrial underground land are 290.5d/a,287d/a,225d/a,and 205d/a,respectively.The outdoor exposure frequencies of adults in children’s parks,science and education land,residential land,commercial land,industrial land,and green land are 350 d/a,59.5 d/a,63 d/a,25 d/a,45 d/a,and 350 d/a,respectively.The indoor exposure frequency of children under the use of science and education land and residential land is 222.5 d/a and 290 d/a,while the outdoor exposure frequency of children under the use of green land in children’s parks,science and education land,and residential land is 350 d/a,27.5 d/a,59 d/a,and 350 d/a.Conclusions1.There are differences in the exposure pathways and sensitive receptors of populations in polluted sites under different land use methods.The exposure parameter indicators and values of relatively sensitive populations in different regions are closely related to factors such as population behavior patterns and socio-economic development levels.2.Different regions,ages,genders,and occupational groups have the longest indoor spending time,and there are differences in activity patterns among different regions,genders,and ages.3.In the typical population exposure parameters of the Pearl River Delta region,adult height and daily air respiration are higher than the national recommended values,while weight is basically the same as the national recommended values.Children’s height and weight are lower than the national recommended values,while daily air respiration is higher than the national recommended values.Different regions,age,gender,and occupational groups have the longest indoor spending time.Therefore,when conducting regional pollution site health risk assessment,localized parameters that are closer to the characteristics of the local population should be selected.For example,directly using recommended values from guidelines or citing data from other studies may cause bias in the results. |
