Preparation And Preliminary Study Of Properties Of Decellularized Dermal Matrix Nanofibers Using Electrospinning

BackgroundWound repair and regeneration caused by soft tissue defects in the skin are urgent and difficult issues that require solutions in the global medical and health field.As people’s understanding of the wound healing process deepens,the development of wound repair dressings has become more mature.Electrospinning technology has garnered attention due to the nanofibers it produces,which are similar to the collagen fibers in the extracellular matrix.This study aims to utilize electrospinning technology by combining decellularized dermal matrix(ADM)with polylactic acid(PLA)to prepare a biocompatible and mechanically superior electrospun nanofiber material,and to explore its functions preliminarily,providing a new possibility for wound healing dressings.MethodsThis study utilized the albino Tibetan pig,which was previously selected in our research,to prepare decellularized dermal matrix(ADM)freeze-dried powder.ADM and polylactic acid(PLA)were dissolved in hexafluoroisopropanol(HFIP),which is an organic solvent with superior solubility,to prepare the spinning solution.The electrospinning technology was used to create ADM/PLA electrospun nanofiber materials with mass fractions of 1%,2%,and 4%.To characterize the material,physical means were used including scanning electron microscopy to observe the microstructure,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to verify the functional groups,water contact angle measurement to test permeability,and stress-strain measurement to detect mechanical properties.In vitro biological experiments were conducted on the material to validate its feasibility in promoting wound healing.These experiments included cell scratch assay to calculate cell migration rate,Calcein-AM/PI staining and CCK-8 assay to measure cell viability and validate the biocompatibility of the material,and fibronectin assay to detect the effect of the material on cell adhesion.ResultsThe study successfully prepared ADM/PLA electrospun nanofiber materials using electrospinning technology.The material exhibited a fibrous network structure that is beneficial for cell activity,as observed by scanning electron microscopy.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy detected characteristic groups of decellularized dermal matrix and polylactic acid in the material.Water contact angle experiments showed that the 4%ADM/PLA electrospun nanofiber material had better hydrophilic properties than other ADM/PLA groups.The stress-strain experiment revealed that the 2%ADM/PLA electrospun nanofiber material had better mechanical properties than other groups.In vitro cell experiments were conducted using Calcein-AM/PI staining and CCK-8 assay,which confirmed that the cell viability was not affected after 48 hours of cultivation with 2%ADM/PLA electrospun nanofiber material,demonstrating good biocompatibility.The fibronectin assay demonstrated that the cells grew best in the 2%ADM/PLA electrospun nanofiber material,with cells growing and adhering to the pores.This suggests that the material may have the function of promoting wound cell proliferation and adhesion.ConclusionIn this study,nanofiber materials were prepared using electrospinning technology.It was demonstrated that the 2%ADM/PLA electrospun nanofiber material had good mechanical properties and biocompatibility.This material has the potential to promote wound repair,and further research and development is expected to explore its potential.