Effects Of Fermentation Of Goji Berry Juice On Immune Function And Intestinal Flora Of Cyclophosphamide Immunosuppressed Mice

Lycium barbarum polysaccharide has immune regulation,anti-tumor,antioxidant and other effects,but as a high molecular polymer,it can not be directly degraded by human cells after oral administration,but plays a role through intestinal microbial catabolism.Immunosuppression can reduce the body’s immune system,making it susceptible to infections such as bacteria,viruses,and fungi,leading to more chronic diseases and decreased function.Previous studies have found that fermenting goji berry juice with probiotics can promote the absorption and utilization of goji berry polysaccharides after entering the body,but its protective effect on immunosuppressive mice is still unclear.Therefore,this article explores whether polysaccharides and other active ingredients in goji berry juice have a protective effect on immunosuppressive mice by fermenting goji berry juice with probiotics.It isolates and identifies microorganisms that can metabolize goji berry polysaccharides in the intestine and analyzes their in vitro fermentation performance.It elucidates the interaction between fermented goji berry juice and gut microbiota.The main research content and results are as follows:1.Exploring the protective effect of fermented goji berry juice on immunosuppressive mice induced by cyclophosphamide based on gut microbiota and its metabolites.On the basis of the previous research by the research group,in-depth research was conducted on the established immune suppression experimental model of BALB/c mice induced by cyclophosphamide.By sequencing the microbiota in the cecal feces of mice,it was explored whether the active ingredients in fermented goji berry juice improved immune suppression by regulating the intestinal microbiota.The results showed that Lycium barbarum juice fermented by Lactobacillus helveticus could regulate the diversity and abundance of intestinal flora in immunosuppressed mice,promote the growth of beneficial bacteria,and inhibit the increase of harmful bacteria;And in the sequencing results of the intestinal microbiota of immunosuppressed mice a The diversity was significantly reduced,indicating that the occurrence of immunosuppression would lead to the reduction of species diversity of intestinal flora,thus verifying that the interaction between the active ingredients in fermented lycium barbarum juice and intestinal flora played a protective role in immunosuppressed mice.2.The protective effect of fermented goji berry juice on immune suppressed mice with exhausted microbial communities.To further verify the protective effect of gut microbiota in immunosuppression,an immunosuppressive antibiotic animal model was established for further research,and relevant indicators of immunosuppressive microbiota depletion in mice were detected and analyzed.The results showed that ingestion of fermented goji berry juice changed the health indicators and organ index of immunosuppressive bacteria depleted mice,and abnormal blood routine values in mice also showed some recovery.Administration of fermented goji berry juice can effectively inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors in the intestine and spleen,and has a certain protective effect on the colon and spleen.Moreover,pathological sections of intestinal and spleen tissues can also indicate that fermented goji berry juice can effectively alleviate immune suppression,further verifying the interaction between fermented goji berry juice and intestinal microbiota.3.Isolation and identification of a strain capable of metabolizing goji berry polysaccharides in the intestine and analysis of its fermentation performance in goji berry juice.To further elucidate the catabolic effect of gut microbiota on goji berry polysaccharides,three strains of lactic acid bacteria were isolated and screened from the largest number of lactic acid bacteria in the gut.Identification was conducted through morphological,physiological and biochemical analysis,16S rDNA sequence analysis,and phylogenetic tree construction.The intestinal colonization ability and fermentation performance were studied.The results showed that all three identified strains were Lactococcus lactis,numbered NXU₂20218,NXU₂20219 and NXU₂20220.Among them,NXU₂20218 has a fast growth rate and strong acid production ability at 2-8 hours,and has better tolerance to acid,bile salts,and artificial gastric juice than NXU₂20219 and NXU₂20220,the survival rate is about 65%at pH 2,about 65%in 0.3%bovine bile salt,75%tolerance to artificial gastric juice,and 95%tolerance to artificial intestinal juice.Inoculating the strain into goji berry juice for fermentation,it was found that the reducing sugar content in the fermented goji berry juice was significantly reduced and the free radical clearance rate was significantly increased,indicating that it has good fermentation performance for goji berry juice and strong ability to decompose and metabolize goji berry polysaccharides.It can be used as a candidate strain for probiotics in goji berry juice fermentation.Therefore,fermented goji berry juice can regulate the gut microbiota and exert immune regulatory effects,and the gut microbiota can interact with the active components in fermented goji berry juice.The gut microbiota decomposes and metabolizes polysaccharides,which regulate the composition of the gut microbiota.Lactococcus lactis isolated from the intestine has certain colonization and fermentation abilities,proving that fermenting goji berry juice can increase the adhesion of lactic acid bacteria in the intestine,and there is interaction between the intestinal bacterial species and the active components in fermented goji berry juice.