Study On Environmental Risk Assessment And Liability Insurance Of Ammonia Refrigeration Related Enterprises

With the development of society and continuous improvement of quality of life,people’s demand for frozen food is also growing fast,so the number and size of ammonia-based cold stores increase continuously.Liquid ammonia widely used as a refrigerant in the refrigeration applications is toxic hazardous chemicals and any liquid ammonia released to the atmosphere will aerosolize producing ammonia vapor diffusion and cause air pollution in wide area.The environment risk put ammonia-based cold stores and surrounding populations at risk.Its inherent environmental risk of ammonia refrigeration-related enterprises cannot be completely controlled by technical means.As an effective means of risk transfer,insurance can make economic compensation to the insured afterwards,and the design of reasonable insurance products can also indirectly promote the enthusiasm of the insured for disaster prevention and loss reduction.The environmental risk liability insurance as a mandatory insurance in the country is now promoted and yield no good results.Because no insurance company has conducted a more detailed environmental risk analysis on ammonia refrigeration-related enterprises,its environmental risk has not been fully understood and recognized,and there are no insurance products formulated according to the particularity of the enterprises.It is important to make insurance scheme based on environmental risk assessment.In this thesis the environmental risk assessment method of ammonia-based refrigeration-related enterprises and how to make its liability insurance based on the assessment result were studied.Firstly,in this thesis the domestic and foreign related development and current situation of environmental risk assessment and environmental pollution liability insurance in recent years were investigated and studied,then the characteristics of environmental risk were compared and analyzed,and the characteristics,necessity and shortcomings of environmental risk were analyzed.Subsequently,the main environmental risk factors of ammonia refrigeration enterprises were identified from three aspects:the influencing factors of environmental risk,the vulnerability of environmental receptors and the mitigating factors of environmental risk,and the environmental risk assessment system is constructed.Combined with the weight of each index and the assignment of experts,the environmental risk assessment index system is determined;The grey evaluation weight vector and weight matrix are determined by using the grey whitening weight function of each grey type of grey evaluation method,so as to calculate the environmental risk value of ammonia refrigeration enterprises and determine their environmental risk level.Finally,Aloha software was used to determine the scope of environmental impact.Based on the environmental risk level determined by the environmental risk assessment.the floating factor of the insurance rate of environmental pollution liability insurance was determined and used to adjust the environmental insurance rate of ammonia refrigeration enterprises.The case study indicated that the environmental risk assessment and rate floating calculation method proposed in the thesis can objectively reflect the actual environmental risk level of the example enterprise,and the risk-based insurance scheme can achieve the purpose of consistency between rate and risk.