| The blue-gray powder discovered on the Qin Terracotta Army is a mixed multipurpose material,the study of the composition of this material is useful to understand the bonding materials of pottery statues in Qin and Han Dynasties,and to complement the science of organic-inorganic mixed materials in ancient China.And the research of the crafts of this material has significance to know the process logistics,standardization and labor organization of the Terracotta Army,and gives clues for scientization of traditional technology.Through Scanning electron microscope,Polarizing microscope and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,it is found that the inorganic component of this material is ground pottery powder,the organic component is a mixture of animal glue and egg.Through laboratory compounding,it is found that the material is a viscous fluid substance with fast curing speed,high adhesion and certain fluidity;The proportion of animal glue,egg and pottery powder,the size of pottery powder and the addition of clay in the composite affect the appearance,adhesion,fluidity and expansion rate of this material.The study on the chemistry of the material shows that there are multiple principles in the composite system:the synergy of mixed binder,the aggregate action of pottery powder and the “organicinorganic” bonding.According to above conclusions,the polymerization model of the material is established: the colloidal matrix wraps a single pottery particle through the interface,and then the particles form aggregates through the "small binder bridges",and the aggregates will be linked by "large binder bridges",so as to form an integral material.Based on archaeological materials,it can be concluded that this material is not created for a simple case,but widely used in the assembly,adhesion,surface flattening and decoration of Terracotta Army.It is an indispensable condition for Terracotta Army to have a large scale,to be numerous and exquisite decorated.There are strict requirements of preparing this material,and due to its multi-component and adjustable characteristics,there should be a composite material system at that time.In this system,the various materials made by different materials and ratios can be flexibly used in all aspects of the construction of the Qin Shihuang’ s mausoleum. |
