Health Risk Assessment And Multivariate Analysis Of Groundwater Around A Smelter In A Rural Area

In recent years,with the rapid development of China’s economy,industrial production in rural areas has also developed.In recent years,some smelters in this area have been shut down due to the production process and pollutant discharge standards,and after being abandoned,the production raw materials and production waste have been stacked without treatment,and the pollutants enter the surface water and groundwater in natural leaching and River washing;Coupled with the rise of animal husbandry in rural areas,the aquaculture wastewater is directly discharged into the environment without treatment,and the groundwater in rural areas is likely to be polluted.In order to better sustainable development,it is necessary to investigate and study this area to provide a scientific basis for the protection of local groundwater resources.In this study,the groundwater around a smelter in a rural area is selected as the research object.The groundwater in the study area is studied through detection and analysis,three models analysis and multivariate statistical analysis.The health risk calculation results generated by EPA,Ca LTOX and RBCA health risk assessment models are analyzed and compared.Finally,an accurate result is given to the study area.The results show that the single factor pollution index method and Nemero comprehensive index method are used to evaluate the groundwater quality of the smelter and the surrounding rural areas.The single factor pollution index method shows that in the normal water period,the concentrations of As,Cr⁶⁺Ni,Pb,NO₃^--N and F^-exceed the standard;In dry and wet seasons,the concentrations of Cr⁶⁺,Ni,NO₃^--N and F^-exceed the standard.The evaluation results of Nemero comprehensive index method show that the groundwater pollution level in this area is at level IV～VI.USEPA was used for health risk assessment under drinking water,Normal water period:the total carcinogenic risk level is V～VI,High risk～extremely high risk;Dry season:the total carcinogenic risk is between grade IV～VI,medium high risk～extremely high risk;Wet season:the total cancer risk is level IV～V,medium high risk～high risk.Ca LTOX was applied to health risk assessment under drinking water route.The carcinogenic risk grade in normal water period,dry water period and wet water period was higher than grade VI,extremely high risk.RBCA was applied to health risk assessment under drinking water route,and the carcinogenic risk grade in normal water period,dry water period and wet water period was higher than grade VI,extremely high risk.At each monitoring point,the total non carcinogenic health risk quotient generated by USEPA,Ca LTOX and RBCA models is greater than"1",and there are non carcinogenic health risk hazards.Although the selected parameters of the three evaluation models are different,the calculated risk trends are basically the sameAccording to the multivariate statistical analysis,the sources of As,Mn,Pb,Ni and Al are related to the ore,slag and wastewater in the smelting process;Cd and Cr⁶⁺are likely to come from a large amount of coal or pesticides used locally;Zn may come from industrial production and agricultural production activities;F^-from the local natural environment,and the local rock stratum may contain a large amount of fluorinated ore;NO₃^--N,NO₂^--N and NH₃^--N are directly discharged into the natural environment due to improper treatment of breeding wastewater and livestock manure;Cu may come from a large number of pesticides used in agriculture and metallurgical production activities.There are 18 figures,16 tables and 103 references in this paper.