| Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)has a delicious taste,rich aroma,and rich nutrition,which is very popular among consumers.Aquaculture production areas are widely distributed in China,mainly in the eastern coastal areas.Pond culture is a classic breeding model for Chinese mitten crab.However,the pond culture model has the disadvantages of wasting land resources and low breeding efficiency.It is urgent to seek a new type of green breeding mode.The photovoltaic industry has huge development potential,if we want to tension of land resources in the east area of large area laying photovoltaic panels,and photovoltaic panels can be mounted on the pond water,save land resource,when the summer heat,the photovoltaic panels absorb most of the solar irradiation,reduce the water by the amount of irradiation,the temperature of the water body has also dropped,is conducive to the growth of the crabs.This study took the Chinese mitten crab in the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode and the common pond breeding mode in Nanjing Tongwei Provincial Fine Fishery Park as the research objects,and explored the effects of the two breeding modes on the edible quality of Chinese mitten crabs.Firstly,the tissue indices and nutritional quality of the two breeding modes were analyzed,and the correlation between the pigments of Chinese mitten crab,the pigments of aquatic plant and the pigments of aquatic water was analyzed,and the influence of the environment on the color of Chinese mitten crab was discussed,and compare the differences of nutritional quality between the two breeding modes.Next,the taste quality of Chinese mitten crab in two breeding modes was evaluated.The taste activity value(TAV)and equivalent umami concentration(EUC)were calculated to comprehensively analyze the effect of the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode on the taste quality of Chinese mitten crab;The edible parts of crabs,aquatic water and aquatic plants were analyzed for volatiles compounds,the influence of the environment on odor was discussed,and the differences in the odor quality of Chinese mitten crab were compared between the two breeding models.Through the analysis of the results,the differences in the eating quality of Chinese mitten crab between the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode and the common pond breeding mode were revealed,in order to provide the corresponding theoretical basis and data support for guiding the promotion of the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode industry.The research results are as follows:(1)Effects on tissue indices and proximate composition of Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)cultured in the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode.The photovoltaic fishery breeding mode can improve the gonadal index of female crab,and make female crab have higher crude fat and crude protein content(p<0.05),but has no effect on the tissue indices and proximate composition of male crab.The photovoltaic fishery breeding mode can increase the Ca content in the hepatopancreas of female crab,and the K and Na content in the male crab meat(p<0.05).The Na content in the hepatopancreas of male crab in the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode was 1.26 times higher than that in the common pond breeding mode(p<0.05).The hepatopancreas and gonad a~*and b~*values of the female crab in the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode were higher than those in the common pond breeding mode(p<0.05).The carotenoid content in the hepatopancreas of female crabin the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode was 1.65 times higher than that in the common pond breeding mode.Chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were higher in aquatic plants under the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode,and the chlorophyll contents were significantly different(p<0.05).The TN and TP contents of thephotovoltaic fishery breeding mode are lower(p<0.05),and the chlorophyll content is higher than that of the common pond breeding mode,which can increase the pigment content in the aquatic water without negatively affecting the water quality.Chl-a and carotenoids of aquatic plants,as well as COD and nitrite nitrogen can affect the production and accumulation of carotenoids in Chinese mitten crab.(2)Effects on taste quality of Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)in the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode.The photovoltaic fishery breeding mode increased the bitter taste of the hepatopancreas of male crab,but it could improve the umami and sweet taste of female crab and reduce the bitter taste.The results of free amino acids showed that the content of umami free amino acids in the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode female crab was higher,and the total free amino acid content of Chinese mitten crab in the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode was significantly higher than that in the common pond breeding mode(p<0.05).The total content of gonads of the photovoltaic fishery male crab was 618.60±15.42mg/100g,which was1.76 times of that of common pond(351.32±13.98mg/100g)(p<0.05),the content of bitter free amino acids in the hepatopancreas of the photovoltaic fishery male crab was higher than that in the common pond breeding mode(p<0.05),the umami free amino acid content in the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode male crab meat was significantly lower than that in the common pond(p<0.05),and the sweet and bitter tastes were significantly higher than those in the common ponds(p<0.05).The combination of the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode has no negative effect on the umami and sweet taste of meat of male crab,but it will make the hepatopancreas of male crabs have a more obvious bitter taste.The photovoltaic fishery breeding mode has a positive effect on the formation of IMP and GMP in female crab,and can improve the umami intensity of female crab.The EUC of the male crab gonads of the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode is 2.55g MSG/100g,which is 5.1 times higher than that of 0.50g MSG/100g in the common pond,the EUC of the gonads of the female crab is 43.89 g MSG/100g,which is 1.35 times higher than that of32.54g MSG/100g in the common pond.(3)Effects on odor quality of Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)in the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode.The photovoltaic fishery breeding mode had a positive effect on the fatty and grassy odor of meat of male crab.The combination of photovoltaic fishery can enhance the flavor(grassy and fatty)of the hepatopancreas,but has no effect on the odor in the meat of female crab.The results of the determination of volatile compounds showed that the total volatile compounds content of the hepatopancreas and meat in male crab in the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode was lower than that in the common pond,while in female crab,the total volatile compounds content of hepatopancreas and meat was lower in the male crab.The content is higher than the common pond breeding mode.The photovoltaic fishery breeding mode had a positive effect on enriching the grassy smell and fatty smell in the hepatopancreas and gonads of female crab.The content of trimethylamine in the meat of male crab in thecommon pond breeding mode was 9.5 times higher than that in the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode,and the sulfur content was higher.The content of trimethylamine in the gonads of female crabs in the common pond culture mode is 17 times that of the combination of the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode,and the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode can reduce the content of odorous substances in meat of male crab and gonads of female crab.A higher content ofβ-cyclocitral was detected in the aquatic water of the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode,indicating that the content of odor compounds caused by microalgae in the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode water was higher.The volatile odor of aquatic plants,such as green grass,is lower in the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode than in the common pond breeding mode,but there is not much difference.The photovoltaic fishery breeding mode will not have a greater impact on the odor of aquatic plants.To sum up,the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode can improve the growth,nutritional quality,and flavor quality of female Chinese mitten crab,but has no effect on the eating quality of male Chinese mitten crab,but it will not reduce its quality,which proves that fishing the photovoltaic fishery breeding mode is an excellent new green aquaculture model that utilizes water space for power generation and underwater aquaculture. |
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