Effects Of Food Processing Hazard Acrolein On Lifespan Of Caenorhabditis Elegans And Its Mechanism

Acrolein(ACR),the simplest unsaturated aldehyde,is a pollutant in food,air and water and has been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of various human diseases.The harmful effects of acrolein are mediated through multiple mechanisms,including DNA damage,inflammation,ROS formation,protein internalization,membrane rupture,endoplasmic reticulum stress,and mitochondrial dysfunction,impairing the health of the organism.In this paper,the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans was used as an experimental model to study the effects of acrolein exposure on the physiological phenotypes of nematodes,including specific indicators including lifespan,egg number,body length and width,and motor behavior.Based on the results of nematode physiological phenotypes,it was investigated whether the effect of acrolein on nematodes also caused the oxidative/antioxidant system disorder in nematodes.Therefore,the effects of acrolein exposure on ROS levels and antioxidant-related enzyme activities in nematodes were further studied.RT-q PCR technology and transgenic nematodes further explored the molecular mechanism of acrolein-induced damage in C.elegans.The main research contents and results are as follows:(1)ACR exposure had a significant effect on the physiological phenotype of nematodes.The lifespan of wild-type C.elegans was shortened after ACR exposure.Nematode body length and body width indicators were significantly negatively affected when ACR exposure concentrations exceeded 50 μM,resulting in delayed nematode growth and development.There was also a significant negative effect on nematode head swing frequency under low-dose 12.5 μM ACR exposure.In addition,ACR exposure is reproductively toxic to C.elegans,reducing the number of fertilized eggs in vivo and impairing C.elegans reproductive capacity.(2)ACR exposure has an effect on the oxidation/antioxidant system of nematodes.After exposure to ACR,wild-type C.elegans produced a significant oxidative stress response,and the ROS level and MDA content in the nematode significantly increased,causing oxidative damage to the nematode,and the antioxidant function of the nematode was also negatively affected to a certain extent.SOD enzyme activity and Significant down-regulation of CAT enzyme activity results in disturbance of the oxidative/antioxidant system in nematodes.(3)Under the condition of high-dose 100 μM ACR exposure,the expression levels of oxidative stress-related genes daf-16,ctl-1 and ctl-2 in wild-type C.elegans were significantly reduced,indicating that oxidative stress-related genes are not affected by ACR exposure.Impairment of nematode lifespan plays a crucial role.ACR exposure resulted in the transformation of DAF-16 in the nematode cytoplasm to the nucleus,and the inhibitory effect on nematode lifespan was also abolished with daf-16 deletion,so ACR may induce shortening of nematode lifespan through the DAF-16/FOXO pathway.