Research On Ecological Protection And Restoration Of Resource-exhausted Urban Territorial Space

As of 2012,a total of 69 resource-exhausted cities have been identified in my country.In this type of area,the resources are depleted,the quality of the ecological environment is degraded,and the economic benefits are reduced.The ecological protection and restoration are facing severe challenges.How to carry out the ecological protection and restoration of the resource-exhausted urban land space has become an urgent problem to be solved.Most of the existing ecological protection and restoration research focuses on a single ecological problem.In resource-exhausted cities,problems such as the reduction of ecological space,landscape stability,and ecological function degradation caused by resource exploitation are often not single type or localized.It is necessary to identify key areas for ecological protection and restoration from the perspective of regional ecological landscape integrity,evaluate its ecological degradation risk,in order to achieve the overall construction of the regional ecological security pattern and the restoration of the ecological protection system.Following the research framework of "key area-risk area-zoning strategy" for ecological protection and restoration,taking Dayu County,Jiangxi Province as the research area,the ecological source,simulate ecological corridors in the Linkage Mapper plug-in,and build an ecological security pattern.Secondly,based on the ecological security pattern,identify ecological "pinch points",ecological barrier points,ecological break points,and broken ecological spaces as key areas for ecological protection and restoration.Then,the analytic hierarchy process and comprehensive evaluation method are used to study the ecological degradation risk from three aspects: ecological self-recovery ability,ecological function maintenance ability and ecological pressure.Finally,according to the evaluation results of ecological degradation risk,ecological protection and restoration are divided into zones,and different restoration strategies and example projects are proposed for different zones in combination with the types and distribution of key areas,in order to provide scientific basis for the efficient and smooth development of ecological protection and restoration work in resourceexhausted cities.The research found that:(1)The ecological corridors are distributed in "two horizontal and five vertical fences",and the ecological corridors with high resistance all pass through the mining area and its surrounding areas,indicating that mining activities significantly affect the biological flow process.The key areas are more distributed in mining areas,high altitudes and high slopes and their surrounding areas.Although the land types are complex,the forest land area is the largest,indicating that mining areas and forest land are the core of ecological protection and restoration work.(2)The degradation risks at the levels of ecological pressure,ecological self-resilience,and ecological function maintenance are getting smaller and smaller,indicating that the focus of ecological protection and restoration work in resource-exhausted cities is the environmental governance of mining areas.(3)According to the results of ecological degradation risk assessment and existing land use types,ecological protection and restoration types are divided,and corresponding restoration strategies and example projects are proposed for different zones in combination with the types and distribution of key areas.The ecological management area can be protected and restored from geological disasters,heavy metal prevention and tailings,and waste disposal.The water source conservation area can be started from the protection of water sources and the construction of ecological corridors.The construction of ecological corridors is carried out in two aspects.The ecological improvement area carries out ecological restoration from the concept of integrated development of mountains,rivers,forests,fields,and roads.The construction of ecological security pattern and ecological protection and restoration of resource-exhausted cities should be carried out from the perspective of regional integrity.The research takes the ecological protection and restoration "key areas-risk areas-zoning strategy" as the main line,comprehensively identifies the key areas of regional ecological protection and restoration,and evaluates the risks of regional ecological protection as a whole.The difference in importance,while taking into account the difference in the urgency of restoration,can provide effective guidance for the ecological protection and restoration of resource-exhausted urban territorial space.