| Guangxi is the origin and main production area of star anise and the largest market of star anise raw materials in China.Yulin is an important production area of Guangxi.The State-owned LIUWAN Forest farm located in Yulin has 62,800 mu of star anise forest and is an important production area of star anise raw materials in Yulin.Guangxi state-owned LIUWAN forest farms produce anise oil and shikimic acid from star anise,In order to find out the effects of different growth environments,seasons and drying treatments on the content and quality of anise oil and shikimic acid in the farm,In this paper,star anise oil and shikimic acid were extracted synchronously by steam distillation from star anise in Guangxi LIU WAN state-owned forest farm.Shikimic acid content in star anise extract was detected by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and the main component content of star anise oil was detected by gas chromatography,and the relevant statistical analysis was carried out,the main conclusions are as follows:(1)The difference of fennel oil content in different fields,different growth times,different drying treatments and different killing treatments,for different sub fields,the content of anise oil from high to low is Zhongdong sub field(4.60%),Hesong sub field(4.10%),Ningkang sub field(3.93%)and tielv sub field(3.29%).There were significant differences in the oil content of star anise at different growth times,for autumn fruits,the highest content of anise oil was picked on October 9,which was 5.16%;The content of fennel oil picked on August 11 was the lowest,3.10%,the results showed that the difference of anise oil content was related to the maturity of star anise fruit.The more mature the star anise fruit was,the more the star anise oil content in the fruit was.The content of anise oil in spring and autumn fruits was between 3.16% and5.15%;In the same drying treatment,the content of anise oil had little difference;The content of fennel oil was the highest at 100℃,which was 5.15%;The lowest content of fennel oil is 3.16% when dried at 80 ℃;The highest content of autumn fruit anise oil is dried at 70℃,which is 4.11%,and the lowest content is dried in the sun,which is 3.57%.The highest content of fennel oil was4.23%,which was wrapped in film and dried in the sun;The lowest content is3.12% after 100 ℃ boiling water and drying.(2)The content of shikimic acid varies in different fields,different growth times,different drying treatments and different killing treatments,The shikimic acid content of Illicium verum from high to low is Hesong branch(9.22%),Zhongdong branch(8.40%),Ningkang branch(5.13%)and tielv branch(4.93%).The content of shikimic acid is related to the growth time,for autumn fruits,the highest content of shikimic acid was picked on October 9,which was8.95%;The lowest content was picked on September 9,which was 6.37%.The spring and autumn fruits of star anise were treated with different drying methods and the content of shikimic acid was significantly different;the shikimic acid content of autumn fruits of star anise was higher than that of spring fruits,and the highest shikimic acid content of spring fruits was directly dried,which was7.52%;The content of shikimic acid in autumn fruit was the highest when dried at 100 ℃,which was 9.58%.The content of shikimic acid of anise with different treatment was significantly different,Star anise after boiling water,whether dried or sun-dried,contains higher content of star shikimic acid,Shikimic acid content was the highest(9.64%)in 100℃ boiled water after drying,and the lowest(7.35%)in microwave drying after drying.(3)Orthogonal test analysis of shikimic acid extraction process showed that,the optimum extraction conditions were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:8,the extraction time was 8h,the extraction solvent was pure water,the extraction temperature was 90℃,under these conditions,the content of shikimic acid was 7.92%;the optimum extraction conditions were as follows: the ratio of solid to liquid was 1:10,the extraction time was 8h,the extraction solvent was pure water,the extraction temperature was 90℃,and the content of shikimic acid was 9.54%.The extraction of shikimic acid was affected by the ratio of solid to liquid,the extraction time,the source of extraction solvent and the extraction temperature.In this study,the influencing factors and extraction process of Illicium anise oil and shikimic acid content in Guangxi LIU WAN state-owned forest farm were determined.The results have a good reference for the further processing and production of shikimic acid in this farm. |
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