Research On Hemostasis Of Ophicalcite-graphene Heterogeneous Composite Sponge

In battlefield,emergency and hospital environments,uncontrolled bleeding can bring significant risk and cost of death.In the army,50% of deaths are caused by blood loss.In emergency civilian settings,bleeding accounts for one third of pre hospital deaths.Therefore.We need to use external hemostatic materials to effectively reduce the mortality caused by blood loss and improve the recovery rate of patients’ wounds.Graphene oxide(GO)has excellent hemostatic potential.Firstly,graphene oxide has excellent liquid absorption ability.Secondly,the surface of GO based materials is easy to be functionalized,which is convenient to combine with other hemostatic materials to form multifunctional hemostatic composites.It can maintain the hemostatic performance of coagulation stimulating components and prevent their leakage.Cross-linked graphene sponge(CGS)is a new hemostatic material with GO as raw material,but its hemostatic mechanism is only physical absorption,which can not directly trigger the coagulation cascade reaction.Therefore,in order to improve the hemostatic performance of CGS,it should not only have the ability to quickly absorb plasma and enrich platelets at the interface between wound and material,but also have the ability to activate the interface coagulation cascade.In order to improve the hemostatic efficiency of graphene-based sponge,ophicalcite(OPH)was applied to the field of wound hemostatic materials for the first time.We developed a new type of ophicalcite graphene heterogeneous hemostatic sponge(GOCS)by using heterogeneous gradient strategy,and studied its hemostatic mechanism,hemostatic performance and biosafety.GOCS has the following advantages:(1)GOCS can controllably locate OPH on the sponge surface through heterogeneous strategy.(2)OPH has the characteristics of direct response and feedback to coagulation signals.(3)Heterogeneous GOCS perfectly mimics the biological process of coagulation cascade.(4)GOCS showed good hemostatic properties in vivo and in vitro.(5)Hemolysis assessment and in vitro cytotoxicity assessment emphasize that GOCS has good biocompatibility.Under the synergistic effect of OPH stimulation and rapid physical adsorption of GOCS,the blood coagulation index of GOCS decreased to 33.87 ± 9.97%,which was significantly lower than that of OPH(46.33 ± 16.85%)and CGS(67.53 ±5.35%).Importantly,in the rat femoral artery model,GOCS stopped bleeding rapidly within 51 s,indicating that it has great potential in the field of hemostasis.In conclusion,the ophicalcite-graphene heterogeneous hemostatic sponge GOCS not only improves the overall hemostatic effect and biosafety,but also the heterogeneous strategy provides new insights and perspectives for the preparation of other materials in the biological field.