| As well known,the necessities of human life are food,clothing,shelter and transportation.Among them,clothing,namely textiles,is regarded as the second skin of the human body because of its softness,elasticity and comfort.It has been widely used by people for thousands of years.Nowadays,textile-based triboelectric nanogenerator(T-TENG)has become a member of smart textiles,which provides sustainable,environmental protection,universal and wearable energy solutions for distributed on-board electronic products in the era of the Internet of things.Smart textiles can respond to external stimuli in time and respond to the human body at the same time.T-TENG has the basic characteristics of smart textiles.Its mechanical energy collection and self-powered sensing can sense,respond and feedback human body information.At the same time,textiles provide flexible design possibilities and a wide range of wearable application platforms for its development,including superior wearing comfort,excellent mechanical strength,and even softness to adapt to complex deformation,lightweight,low cost,flexibility and foldability.At present,the research on T-TENG mainly focuses on electrode materials,friction materials and structural design.Among them,fabric electrode,namely conductive fabric,offers T-TENG the advantages of adapting to human movement,and its manufacturing method can be produced on a large scale at a low cost,which is conducive to the application of T-TENG.At present,conductive fabrics can be obtained by integrating metal wires or metal particles,conductive polymers or other conductive polymers into the textile structure at different stages of fiber structure,spinning or fabric,but they may be damaged in the weaving process of fiber/yarn to fabric and need to meet certain weaving requirements.Other new methods of directly forming a conductive layer on fabric may have problems such as high cost,high energy consumption and complex preparation process.Therefore,how to prepare conductive fabric with a simple process and low cost to form the electrode part of T-TENG and maintain a certain output under the collection of human motion energy is the first view of this paper.Secondly,how to give full play to the unique structure of the fabric to share the electrodes of the two devices,and develop a sensor with excellent durability and wearable performance with a different triggering device under different degrees of human movement is another concern of this paper.Based on the above research focus,starting from the selection of fabric electrode manufacturing method and the unique spacing structure of the three-dimensional spacing fabric,a double-device triboelectric nanogenerator based on three-dimensional spacing is prepared.The fabric electrode is constructed by electroless plating(ELP)of copper,and the device triggered by the spacing structure under different extrusion degrees is different,so it can be used as a potential sensing application for motion detection and health recovery.The main research results are as follows:(1)T-TENG is constructed by using commercially available polyester knitted threedimensional spacer fabric.One layer of the fabric has a void structure,and the ELP of copper technology is used to make the two sides of the layer copper plating,which becomes the common electrode of a double-device,creating conditions for the mechanical energy collection on both sides when it works.The double-device is triggered by the fixed friction layer with fabric spacing structure and external friction materials to generate the same static charge on the inner and outer sides of the common electrode fabric to construct two single-electrode modes of T-TENG.In the process of studying two ELP of copper technologies,the optimal square resistance is 450 mΩ sq1,which is lower than the resistance of the fabric electrode simply impregnated and coated with ordinary conductive materials,and its flexibility and other original fabric properties are not significantly changed.In addition,the influence of the resistance of the two methods on the output is studied,which determines a range for controlling the resistance range and other factors,so as to facilitate the application of ELP of copper in fabric electrodes for T-TENG.(2)In order to prevent the copper particles on the fabric electrode from being oxidized in the air and peeling off during violent movement,polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)is coated on its surface,which can be used not only as packaging protection,but also as negative friction material of two devices.Different degrees of pression trigger one device on the outside of the fabric electrode or two devices on the inside and outside of the fabric electrode,such as trigger 3×3 cm2 and 8 mm thick fabric devices,the performance output of the two devices is three times more than that of one device.Its maximum output current is 0.3 μA,and the maximum output voltage is 40 V and 5.8 mW m-2 power output density,which can light 30 LED lights intermittently.In the process of treatment,the original softness and other properties of knitted fabrics are always maintained.In addition,the protection of encapsulated PDMS makes TTENG have certain washing resistance and durability,and the retention of holes ensures certain air permeability.It is the spacing structure of three-dimensional spacer fabric and the fixed-point selection of ELP that create the possibility of triggering one or two single-electrode modes under different motion degrees.Secondly,it can be used as a potential sensor for human motion detection and health recovery. |
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