Effects Of Different Dietary Patterns On Intestinal Microflora In SD Rats

Objective: Analyze the gut microbiota of SD rats raised under different d ietary structures,and elucidate the differences in the composition of gut micro biota in SD rats under different dietary structures.Methods: SD rats were selected as the research object.Ten rats were divided into groups for two months for dietary intervention with different dietary structures.Fresh fecal samples were collected from rats in each dietary group,and then total fecal genomic DNA was extracted.The V1-V3 region of 16 S r RNA was sequenced using high-throughput sequencing technology to compare the differences of intestinal flora under different dietary structures.Results:The dominant phylum in different dietary groups is Firmicutes,but the relative abundance of Firmicutes varies among different dietary groups.Firmicutes are most expressed in the high-fat diet group,with an approximate proportion of(86.7%)and the lowest proportion in the high-fiber diet group.The proportion of Firmicutes among various dietary groups is ranked from high to low as follows: high fat diet group>high protein diet group>regular diet group>high sugar diet group>high fiber diet group.The statistical results showed that the proportion of Firmicutes in the high fat diet group was significantly higher than that in the high sugar diet group and high fiber diet group(P<0.05).The proportion of Firmicutes in the high fiber group was the lowest,significantly lower than that in the high fat and high protein diet groups(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the proportion of Firmicutes among the other groups(P>0.05).The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in each dietary group was the highest(36.5%)in the high fiber diet group,and the proportion was the lowest(3.8%)in the high fat diet group.The order of proportion of Bacteroidetes among various dietary groups from high to low is high fiber diet group(36.5%)>high sugar diet group(27.3%)>regular diet group(18.4%)>high protein diet group(11.4%)>high fat diet group(3.8%).Statistical analysis showed that the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in the high fiber diet group was significantly higher than that in the high fat diet group and high protein diet group(P<0.05),while the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in the high fat diet group was significantly lower than that in the high fiber diet group and high sugar diet group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the proportion of Bacteroidetes between the regular diet group and the high protein diet group(P>0.05).Conclusion: 1.The distribution of gut microbiota varies among SD rats with different dietary structures.2.Under different dietary structures,the dominant bacteria in each SD rat were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes,but the proportion of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in the diet groups was not the same.