Study On The Regulatory Effects Of Mare’s Milk Derived Exosomes On T Lymphocytes And Their Functional Subpopulations

Mare’s Milk is rich in exosomes and has immunomodulatory effect,but its mechanism is not clear.Many studies have shown that milk derived exosomes play a key role in immune regulation and inflammation prevention,especially in the balance of T lymphocytes and their subsets.T lymphocytes are an important part of the immune system,and regulate the immune response of the body by participating in cellular immunity.The regulatory mechanism of T lymphocytes is complex,and its various subsets balance each other to jointly maintain the stability of the immune system.The purpose of this study is to explore the regulatory effect of Mare’s milk derived Exosomes(MMExos)on T lymphocytes and their functional subsets.Isolation and biological characteristics of MMExos: MMExos was isolated by four different methods,such as ultracentrifugation,and its morphology,particle size and marker protein were characterized by transmission electron microscopy,nanoparticle tracking analysis and western blot.The expression characteristics of protein and mi RNA of MMExos were analyzed by proteomics and gene chip technology.The results showed that high purity MMExos was separated by ultracentrifugation,and its particle size was about 156 nm,with typical exosome structure.MMExos is rich in RHOA,mi R-155,mi R-30 and other immune-related protein and mi RNA.Regulation of MMExos on T lymphocytes and its functional subsets: The mouse spleen lymphocytes were used as the experimental materials to establish the microenvironment for coculture with MMExos.Flow cytometry,ELISA,RT-q PCR and transcriptomics were used to investigate the effects of MMExos on the proliferation,apoptosis,differentiation of T lymphocytes and their subsets,as well as on the gene expression after differentiation.The results showed that MMExos weakened the proliferation of T lymphocytes and increased apoptosis.MMExos inhibited the differentiation of initial CD4 T lymphocytes into Th17 cells and promoted their differentiation into Treg cells.Under the intervention of MMExos,the expression levels of 310 and 184 genes in Th17 cells and Treg cells were significantly changed.The differential genes between the two are rich in cytokine receptor interaction,signal transduction regulation,and other biological functions.The above results indicated that MMExos had the ability to regulate T lymphocytes and their subsets.In this study,the immunoregulatory effect of MMExos was revealed from the perspective of cellular immunity,so as to provide the basis for the application of MMExos to immune related diseases.