Effects Of Intercropping Clover And Peanut On Soil Microbial Populations In Tea Garden

As one of the important cash crops in southwest China,tea is widely cultivated on a large scale because of its geographical environment.With the continuous expansion and development of the tea industry,the tea industry has now become one of the pillar industries with characteristic advantages in Guizhou Province.To chase the high yield and quality of tea,tea farmers usually adopt long-term monoculture and apply large or excessive amounts of chemical fertilizers.In the long run,the soil quality and soil ecological environment of tea plantations will inevitably be damaged.This is followed by soil degradation,acidification,nutrient waste,eutrophication of water,increased disease and regeneration,and reduced tea quality.Intercropping is widely used as a traditional and excellent planting mode.Reasonable intercropping can not only solve the above problems,but also improve the biodiversity of aboveground parts,increase the nutrients and enzyme activities of underground soil,improve soil microbial structure and diversity,and thus improve crop yield and quality.At present,the research on intercropping clover and peanuts in tea gardens mainly focuses on soil nutrients and soil enzyme activity in tea gardens.Most of the microbial-related research techniques focus on culturable microorganisms,phospholipid fatty acid analysis(PFLA),denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(PCR-DGGE),and microtiter plate carbon source analysis.The effects of intercropping peanuts and clover on soil nutrients,enzyme activity,bacterial community structure and diversity on soil nutrients,enzyme activities,bacterial community structure,and diversity in tea gardens and their effects on tea yield and quality have not been reported in tea gardens.Therefore,high-throughput amplicon technology was used to study the soil microbial population of tea garden intercropping clover and peanuts.In the 2022 trial,we selected soil samples from 0-30 cm soil layer under tea garden-peanut,tea garden-clover,and tea garden single cropping,and determined soil water content,p H,organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,soil catalase,acid phosphatase,sucrase,and urease,respectively.In this study,16 S r DNA high-throughput amplicon sequencing technology was used to study the soil bacterial community of tea gardens with intercropping peanuts and clover.In addition,we measure the quality and yield of tea leaves that were controlled for intercropping clover and peanuts,and tea plants at different times.The results of the study are as follows:1.Compared with tea monoculture(CK),the intercropping of clover and peanut in tea gardens significantly increased soil nutrient and enzyme activities at the flowering and pod stage(P < 0.05).The planting of clover at the seedling stage and peanuts at the pod stage significantly increased the diversity and abundance of soil bacterial community structure in tea gardens(P<0.05).In the soil bacterial community structure at seedling,flowering,and pod stages,Proteobacteria,Acidobacteria,Actinobacteria,and Chloroflexi were the main dominant ’phyla among the top 10 bacterial phyla.Compared with monocropping tea plants,the proteobacteria phylum in the soil of peanut and clover intercropping in tea gardens increased significantly,the phylum Acidobacillus decreased,and the phylum Curva vulgaris decreased significantly.2.The correlation distance matrix analysis of Mantel’s test showed that the distance matrix of dominant flora with significant significance was significantly correlated with the distance matrix of physicochemical factors such as water content,total nitrogen,catalase,and urease(P <0.05).3.Predictive metabolic function analysis showed that carbohydrate metabolism,amino acid metabolism,biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites,cell growth,and death were the main metabolic functional pathways of dominant flora in the intercropping mode.Compared with tea monocropping,intercropping between clover and peanut mainly significantly improved the biodegradation and metabolism of xenobiotics,carbohydrate metabolism,amino acid metabolism,biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites,and metabolism of other amino acids in soil,and significantly reduced the abundance of cell growth and death functions(P < 0.05).4.The results of the study on tea quality yield of tea intercropping showed that compared with tea plant monocropping,tea garden intercropping clover and peanut could significantly increase the amino acid content of tea and significantly reduce the content of tea polyphenols and caffeine in tea in tea quality.In terms of tea yield,compared with tea monocropping,the two intercropping modes of tea garden intercropping clover and peanut significantly increased the bud weight,bud density,and tea yield.In summary,the planting mode of intercropping clover and peanuts in tea gardens not only improved the soil nutrient and enzyme activity of tea gardens,improved the diversity of soil microbial structures in tea gardens,but also improved the metabolic function of roots and promoted the effective absorption of nutrients by roots,thereby providing favorable support for improving the soil ecological environment of tea gardens and improving tea quality and yield.