Impact Of Large Desert Photovoltaic Development On Local Environment

As China enters the "14th Five-Year Plan",it has set forth a double carbon target to promote the green and low-carbon transformation of energy.In support of this goal,China is increasingly turning towards new infrastructure projects that emphasize new energy sources,with solar energy taking a prominent role.Solar energy offers significant advantages,including its own environmental protection,low energy consumption,and sustainable nature,and as a result,the development of photovoltaic bases has become a major measure in China’s efforts towards green and low-carbon energy transformation.These initiatives align with global efforts to combat climate change and build a more sustainable future.As the deployment of PV sites accelerates worldwide,it is critical to carefully consider the potential ecological consequences of such projects.Based on the meteorological data from 2015 to 2021 and remote sensing ecological(RSEI)index from2000 to 2020 a in Qinghai Gonghe photovoltaic station,Effects of large-scale desert photovoltaic development on ecological environment and microclimate effect via trend analysis,mutation analysis and Hurst Index.A comparative analysis was conducted to investigate the changes in climatic elements both inside and outside the Gonghe Station,using meteorological data from2015-2021.The aim was to reveal the local microclimate effects resulting from the development of photovoltaic power plants in desert areas.The results show that:(1)The average daily temperature of the PV station throughout the year is characterized by a distinct phenomenon known as the ’heat island effect’.During the daytime,the PV plant experiences higher temperatures,which decrease at night,unlike the surrounding wasteland.This effect is particularly noticeable during the summer season,while it is somewhat less pronounced during spring.(2)Photovoltaic power plants increase humidity during the day and decrease humidity at night in all seasons,unlike the surrounding wasteland.this performance is more apparent in summer,autumn and winter;in the average relative humidity characteristics of each season,spring and summer increase humidity,autumn and winter decrease humidity.(3)The placement of PV arrays is crucial for wind resistant and Resulting in a single wind direction.Specifically,in Gonghe PV,the arrays work to reduce the wind frequency from the NE-NA and SW-SE directions,particularly when compared to the surrounding wasteland.Furthermore,an examination of wind speed patterns across each season reveals that during spring,summer,and autumn,wind speeds tend to decrease during the day and increase at night.However,winter has the most significant impact on changing wind speeds.The analytical impact of PV on local ecological effects based on the RSEI index synthesized by principal component analysis,The indicates that:(1)Over the past two decades,The average annual RSEI for the last 20 a Gonghe PV region is 0.7374,Notably,the RSEI of the PV area has demonstrated fluctuations,with an increase of 0.014/a.Encouragingly,the ecological and environmental quality of the PV area has shown signs of improvement,with 5.4% of the area experiencing significant positive changes.(2)The Gonghe photovoltaic(PV)area exhibits a marked spatial variation in the annual average RSEI,with a gradual decrease observed from the southeast to the northwest.Interestingly,the RSEI demonstrates an overall positive trend,with 56% of the region either remaining unchanged or showing improvement.However,the area exhibits a stronger antisustainability trend than persistence,with a tendency towards weak persistence.(3)The RSEI index of the area before(2000-2012)and after(2013-2020)station construction experienced a shift from degradation(-0.0019)to improvement(0.0251),with the year2017 representing an abrupt turning point in the time series.(4)There is a "distance attenuation" effect and a "spatial spillover" effect on the ecological impact of photovoltaic stations.