An Assessment Study On The Impact Of Traffic Construction On Tibetan Antelope And Its Habitat Based On 3S Technology

With the construction and operation of transportation facilities,transportation facilities mainly based on Qinghai-Tibet Highway and Qinghai-Tibet Railway have a great impact on Tibetan antelope and its habitat.In order to analyze the influence of traffic construction on Tibetan antelope and its habitat,this paper selects Tibetan antelope as the target species,takes 3 S technology as the main technical platform,based on the construction of highway and railway infrastructure,and uses the habitat and habit data of Tibetan antelope to construct a comprehensive database.Combined with remote sensing image data,the habitat succession characteristics of Tibetan antelope in recent 30 years are analyzed.Combined with niche model,from the perspective of habitat suitability,avoidance effect and fragmentation.To assess the impact of road and rail infrastructure on Tibetan antelope and its habitats.The main work of this paper is as follows :1)Based on the GEE cloud platform,the random forest algorithm was used to extract the habitat distribution of Tibetan antelope in four periods from 1990 to 2020,and the classification accuracy reached more than 80 %.The spatial and temporal changes of Tibetan antelope habitat types in recent 30 years were analyzed.The results showed that the construction land gradually increased,the alpine desert slightly increased,the alpine meadow overall showed a decreasing trend,and the alpine plateau showed an increasing trend.2)Based on the MAXENT model,habitat suitability assessment was conducted from two scenarios with and without roads.The AUC values of ROC curves were all higher than 0.8,and the reliability of this model in habitat suitability assessment of Tibetan antelope was high.The road network comprehensive accessibility index had the highest contribution rate,which was 32.7 %,indicating that the road played a key role in the distribution of suitable habitats for Tibetan antelope.In the scenario without roads,the habitat area in the middle and suitable areas is higher than that in the scenario with roads.3)From the perspective of avoidance effect,in the past 30 years,the road network density increased from 0.0159 km / km2 to 0.0468 km / km2,and the road segmentation effect increased with time.The influence domain of Qinghai-Tibet highway on Tibetan antelope has periodic fluctuation;qinghai-Tibet highway and Qinghai-Tibet railway have superimposed effects on Tibetan antelope.4)The landscape indices were calculated based on the two scenarios,respectively.The results showed that the fragmentation degree of the road scenario was greater than that of the non-road scenario in the moderate and high suitability levels of patch number(NP),patch average size(MPS),landscape segmentation index(DIVISION)and landscape fragmentation(Ci).Figure 26,table 10,reference 105.