| At present,China’s lunar exploration project has completed the first three phases of the project,such as"around,down,back",and officially opened the fourth phase of the project will build a long-term lunar research station,to achieve long-term landing exploration of the Moon.How to select a region of high scientific value as the site area for future long-term lunar research stations and how to carry out long-term exploration missions on this basis is the scientific problem to be solved in this study.The Mare Crisium Basin has an extremely thin lunar crust and the strongest basin magnetic anomaly;the Mare Smythii Basin has a special geographical location and rich geological features,and is one of the important targets for future lunar landing options.Therefore,this study uses the above two lunar basins as the study area,based on multi-source remote sensing data,uses a analytic hierarchy process to carry out a detailed landing area site selection analysis and comparative analysis of the study area,and carries out an expedition route planning for relevant scientific value points.The main content of this paper is completed as follows:(1)Analysis of engineering constraints.By studying the spatial distribution characteristics of slope distribution,rock abundance and impact crater density in the study area,the hazard level map of the study area was obtained.Five areas meeting engineering constraints were identified in the interior of the Mare Crisium;Two areas meeting engineering constraints were identified in the interior of the Mare Smythii.(2)Analysis of scientific constraints.To select the optimal landing area and to carry out long-term landing exploration,the characteristics of resource distribution,spatial distribution of scientific value points and brightness temperature distribution in the study area need to be explored.Based on the material composition distribution characteristics,basalt thickness distribution characteristics and lunar regolith thickness distribution characteristics in the study area,the ~3He resources in the study area and the amount of oxygen generated under ideal conditions are estimated.Based on the visual interpretation method combined with previous research results,the identification of relevant geological features in the study area was completed,and the spatial distribution map of the above target was obtained.The microwave radiometer data was introduced in the study of the site selection of the landing area,and the microwave thermal radiation characteristics of the lunar regolith in the study area were analyzed.(3)Landing area determination and exploration mission planning.On the basis of the area satisfying the engineering constraints,the scientific constraints are further considered and the selection of the optimal landing area is completed using a analytic hierarchy process.A central longitude and latitude area of(61.98°E,16.42°N)was selected as the future landing area in the interior of the Mare Crisium Basin,and an expedition route was designed for the proposed 7 high science value targets;The central longitude and latitude(88°E,1°N)in the inner Mare Smythii Basin was used as the future landing site selection area,and three expedition routes were designed for the proposed 16high science value targets.(4)Comprehensive assessment of the study area.Analytic hierarchy process was used to complete a comprehensive assessment of the Mare Crisium-Mare Smythii in terms of both scientific value and resource content.The study found that the Mare Smythii basin is more advantageous than the Mare Crisium basin for studying lunar volcanism and thermal evolution,lunar regolith properties,and lunar-based astronomical observations.The above research can provide some scientific reference for the site selection of China’s long-term lunar research station and the planning of future long-term lunar landing exploration missions. |
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