Study On Aquatic Plants And Riparian Plants Biodiversity In The Middle And Lower Reaches Of The Tumen River

In this paper,aquatic plants and riparian plants in the Gaya River,Burhatong River and Hailan River in the middle reaches of the Tumen River and the main stream of the Tumen River(Mijiang-Fangchuan),Hunchun River,Mijiang River and Stone River basin were used as research objects,and the plants in a total of 277 sites in the survey area were classified and analyzed in diversity,and their compositional structure characteristics and diversity changes were found.The cluster division of aquatic plants and riparian plants was carried out by TWINSPAN cluster analysis,and the environmental factors of the main aquatic plants and riparian plants in the middle and lower basins of the Tumen River were analyzed by canonical correspondence analysis.The research results provide a scientific reference for the protection and restoration of plants and environment and the maintenance and stability of ecosystems in the Tumen River Basin in the future.The specific results of the study are as follows:(1)In terms of species composition:a total of 162 species of aquatic plants were found,belonging to 104 genera in 52 families.There are 624 species of riparian plants,belonging to 308 genera in 84 families.Aquatic plants are dominated by Cyperaceae,followed by Poaceae and Asteraceae,and relatively many species are contained in the family Polygonaceae and Ranunculaceae,and riparian plants are dominated by Asteraceae,followed by Rosaceae and Ranunculaceae.(2)In terms of rare and endangered species and invasive species:it was found that among the aquatic plants surveyed,3 species of national key wild protected plants,1 species of CITES appendix plant,and 3 species of IUCN plants were listed.4 species of locally protected plants and 23 invasive species were listed in Jilin;Among the riparian plants,20 species of national key wild protected plants were listed,4 species of plants listed in CITES Appendix Ⅱ and 13 species of IUCN plants were listed.It was listed as 56 species of locally protected plants and 77 species of invasive species in Jilin.In the investigation of rare and endangered species and invasive species of plants in the middle and lower reaches of the Tumen River,it was found that among the aquatic plants surveyed,3 species of national key wild protected plants,1 species of CITES appendix plant,and 3 species of IUCN plants were listed.4 species of locally protected plants and 23 invasive species were listed in Jilin;Among the riparian plants,20 species of national key wild protected plants were listed,4 species of plants listed in CITES Appendix Ⅱ and 13 species of IUCN plants were listed.It was listed as 56 species of locally protected plants and 77 invasive species in Jilin.(3)α diversity analysis:the number of aquatic plant species ranged from 0～18,Simpson index ranged from 0～0.92,the diversity range of Shannon-Wiener index was 0～2.65,the uniformity range of Pielou index was 0～1,the richness range of Margalef index was 0～2.52,among which the average number of aquatic plants in the Gaya River was the largest,the average number of aquatic plants in the Hailan River was the least,and other diversity indices were relatively at the general level,and the diversity was relatively uniform.The range of plant species in riparian plants was 0～66,the dominance range of Simpson index was 0～0.97,the diversity range of ShannonWiener index was 0～3.75,the uniformity range of Pielou index was 0～0.91,and the richness range of Margalef was 0～8.98,among which the average number of plant species in the riparian plants of the Stone River was the largest,the average number of plant species in the riparian plants of the Tumen River was the lowest,and the diversity index was relatively at a high level and relatively rich in diversity.(4)Cluster analysis:it was found that aquatic and riparian plants were divided into 7 groups,and the aquatic flora was the most widely distributed with "Ass.Phragmites australis",followed by"Ass.Urtica angustifolia" and "Ass.Bidens frondosa+Inula japonica".The distribution range of plant flora in the riparian zone was "Ass.Artemisia capillaris+Humulus scandens+Lepidium apetalum",followed by "Ass.Elymus dahuricus+Poa annua+Chenopodium album" and "Ass.Filipendula Palmata+Carex+Cardamine leucantha".Aquatic plants and riparian flora are mainly herbaceous and relatively single.(5)β diversity analysis:the diversity β aquatic plant communities and riparian plant communities may mainly come from species nesting,and there is a phenomenon of species replacement between communities.The largest difference was between aquatic community Ⅳ "Ass.Phragmites australis" and community Ⅴ Ass.Urtica angustifolia",and riparian plant community Ⅱ”Ass.Thalictrum tuberiferum" and community Ⅳ" Ass.Artemisia capillaris+Humulus scandens+Lepidium apetalum" had the largest difference,and the species composition of plant communities in riparian zone was greater than that of aquatic plant communities.(6)Environmental factor impact analysis:11 water environment factors were analyzed,among which the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of aquatic plants were water temperature,pH and conductivity.Six soil environmental factors were analyzed,and the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of plants in riparian zone were pH,ammonium nitrogen and available potassium.