Study On Superdirective Scattering Optimization Of Multilayer Media Structure

With the development of radio technology,electromagnetic scattering systems are widely used in wireless communication and electronic systems such as radar.However,the radiation directionality of conventional electromagnetic scattering systems is proportional to the size of the structure,and the structure with high gain occupies a large space,which is not conducive to miniaturized integration.Therefore,a superdirective scattering system with small size and high gain is proposed to solve this problem.Among the many superdirective scattering units,the multilayer dielectric structure breaks the tradition that directivity is proportional to the size of the structure,and has become one of the focuses of research in the field of electromagnetism.However,due to the imperfect optimization method,the design of multi-layer media structure is inefficient,which cannot meet the development requirements of high-performance superdirectional structure.In order to solve this problem,this paper designs the multilayer medium structure and proposes an improvement idea for the existing multilayer medium structure scattering effect optimization method,uses the genetic algorithm to realize the multi-parameter joint optimization analysis,and adds metamaterials and single negative materials to the structural design to make the system have higher superdirective scattering ability.Firstly,based on the electromagnetic scattering theory,this paper establishes a mathematical model of multilayer dielectric structure and analyzes its electromagnetic characteristics.The theoretical mechanism of superdirective scattering using the principle of high-order modular superposition is studied,which lays a theoretical foundation for subsequent optimization.In order to solve the problem of complex and large space for multi-layer media structure optimization,this paper uses the genetic algorithm with powerful global search ability to optimize the structural parameters and proposes a new combination of algorithm parameters to improve the optimization efficiency.In the process of optimizing the design process,the interaction mechanism between electromagnetic waves and complex targets/environments is analyzed,and an adaptation function suitable for the structural design of this paper is proposed.In order to reduce the volume of the structure and improve the directionality of the structure,a Huygens excitation source with outstanding forward radiation characteristics is used to design,an achievable Huygens excitation source model is established,and a design method for Huygens excitation source modeling using a single point is proposed.Previous analysis of multilayer dielectric structure was mostly limited to natural materials and metal materials,and this paper introduces artificial metamaterials and electromagnetic single negative materials into the design of multilayer dielectric structures.Compared with traditional natural materials,the directionality of the structure after optimization using artificial metamaterials is improved by 21.86%.In addition,the multilayer surface plasmon resonance effect is excited by different material combinations,which further improves the system directionality by 30.59% compared with the optimization of metamaterials.Aiming at the problem that the design parameters of multi-layer media structures are difficult to simulate and optimize,this paper discusses the multi-parameter joint optimization method,proposes a stepby-step parallel calculation method,and the algorithm optimization efficiency is about four times that of the original,which puts forward practical theoretical support and solutions for the rapid design and optimization of multi-parameter structures.After multi-parameter joint optimization,the structure’s directionality is further improved by 26.62%,which realizes the breakthrough of the directionality of multi-layer dielectric structure,and provides a new design idea and method for realizing the design of super-directional multi-layer dielectric structure with high gain.Finally,this paper verifies the algorithm calculation results and studies the feasibility of experiments.