Study On Protection And Development Strategy Of Wilderness Landscape In Nujiang Prefecture

Wilderness is of great importance to the conservation of biodiversity and has high ecological and aesthetic values.However,human activities are increasingly fragmenting wilderness landscapes.With the construction of the Western Yunnan Tourist Route,the protection and management of wilderness landscape in Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture(NJP)is facing great challenges.However,the existing natural protected area system is not perfect,and there are some deficiencies in the management and utilization of ecological connectivity and natural landscape.First NJP in biodiversity hotspots,as an important part of the world natural heritage site,there are a large number of undeveloped areas.what’s more,NJP Beautiful Road is an important part of tourist route in Nujiang valley,therefore,the protection and reasonable development and utilization of these areas to keep overall ecological environment has important significance.Therefore,this study adopted a variety of technical methods to establish a research framework for wilderness landscape protection and development in NJP,and conducted comprehensive studies from wilderness mapping,wilderness network construction,wilderness perception,and wilderness recreation suitability.Through the analysis of wilderness pattern,wilderness corridor construction and wilderness network evaluation,wilderness perception and quality spatial characteristics analysis,wilderness recreation suitability evaluation and wilderness Recreation Opportunity Spectrum construction,the protection,management and planning strategies of wilderness landscape in NJP were proposed.Through analyzing the natural and human environment of NJP.And combining with previous studies,the wilderness characteristic index of Nujiang was selected,and the distribution of wilderness patch and landscape quality index of Nujiang was obtained by using The Boolean tool and MCE method respectively.And,the comprehensive analysis was carried out.Finally,the wilderness patch map and wilderness quality distribution map of NJP were obtained.It can be found that the wilderness quality of NJP as a whole is good,there are large wilderness patches,and the average wilderness quality is 52.7.However,the distribution of wilderness landscape is quite uneven.From north to south,from west to east,the area of wilderness landscape gradually decreases,the quality decreases,and the trend of fragmentation gradually increases,and the wilderness quality is positively correlated with the area.Nature reserve plays a positive role in wilderness protection,but there is still a large area of wilderness in Biluo Snow Mountain area that has not been included in the nature reserve.Based on MSPA model,morphological analysis of wilderness patches in NJP was carried out,and the wilderness source area was extracted through connectivity analysis.Then,the wilderness corridor was extracted based on the Minimum Cumulative Resistance model,and the wilderness network was constructed.Finally,the wilderness network was evaluated and analyzed.It can be found that the core landscape type of NJP is 7489.71km~2,which is more distributed in Gongshan County in the north and less distributed in Lushui County and Lanping county in the south.A total of 15 wilderness source areas and 26 potential wilderness corridors were extracted.The network connectivity indices=0.48,=1.73,=0.67 showed that the wilderness source areas in NJP were basically connected in a ring,and each patch could be connected with each other,and the network shape was between tree and ring.The network connectivity and wilderness corridor quality of Gongshan county and Fugong County are higher than those of Lushui County and Lanping County,and the overall quality of wilderness network is better,but the fragmentation trend in the south is obvious.The study of wilderness perception in the view range of Nujiang Beautiful Highway segmented the images along the route based on semantic segmentation method,and then scored the wilderness perception of the images by using man-machine antagonism module to obtain the wilderness perception score.The view range of Nujiang Beautiful Highway was analyzed by using the view analysis tool,the Kriging method was used to spatialize the view range,and the wilderness quality index within the view range was extracted.Finally,the spatial autocorrelation model was used to analyze the spatial characteristics of wilderness quality and perception.It can be found that:(1)the wilderness quality and wilderness perception within the view range of Nujiang Beautiful Highway show significant spatial agglomeration characteristics,but their spatial distribution is significantly different.(2)HH clusters of wilderness quality are mainly distributed in areas far away from settlements and roads,LL clusters are mainly concentrated around towns and roads,and HL and LH clusters are less.The HH cluster of wilderness perception is distributed discontinuously from south to north,and the LL cluster is distributed near the settlement.HL and LH cluster are also less.(3)The comprehensive analysis of wilderness quality and wilderness perception shows that the spatial autocorrelation is weak.HH cluster is mainly distributed in areas far from roads and settlements,LL cluster is distributed in areas close to roads and settlements,HL cluster is distributed in areas with high wilderness quality,and LH cluster is distributed in areas with low wilderness quality.Wilderness recreation use analysis firstly quantified the suitability indexes of wilderness affecting wilderness recreation use and weighted them to obtain the suitability evaluation results of wilderness recreation use.The recreation opportunity spectrum was planned according to the wilderness environment types,and the recreation activities and dominant functions suitable for each wilderness environment were defined.It can be found that:suitable area>Low suitable area>Unsuitable area>Extremely suitable area,the reason is that the development degree of NJP is low,and it maintains an excellent natural and primitive environment.The suitability level,utilization intensity,dominant function and recreational activities of wilderness use should be adapted to each other.Finally,based on the above research,this paper analyzes the current situation and problems of the wilderness landscape in NJP,and puts forward the protection and development strategies of the wilderness landscape in NJP from the perspectives of wilderness source,landscape connectivity,development and utilization.Aims:to expand protected areas with wilderness conservation as an important complement to protected areas;Restoring destroyed wilderness areas,regulating inter-species relationships,restoring the primitiveness and integrity of ecosystems;Maintaining connectivity between wilderness patches to ensure the free dispersal of species between areas and to maintain natural ecological processes;Rational planning of wilderness recreation activities is to promote the benign development of nature protection by coordinating the intensity with the leading function.To scientifically guide the rational planning of Nujiang Beautiful Highway,a key tourist facility,in order to promote the reasonable development and construction of NJP,promote the adaptation of economic development and ecological protection,and provide theoretical basis for the formulation of relevant planning policies of NJP in the future.