| The use of land resources has significant impacts on ecosystem energy cycles,climate change and biodiversity.The Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River Basin is a key area of my country’s major national strategies for ecological protection and high-quality development.The unreasonable land resource planning,serious soil erosion and fragile ecological environment in this area are urgent problems to be solved in the process of ecological protection and high-quality development.As the main energy source of the ecosystem,solar radiation is an extremely important influencing factor in the process of land resource utilization,and an indispensable indicator in the study of regional land resource changes and land use layout.Therefore,accurate estimation of solar radiation in the Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River Basin,and systematic analysis and revealing of its temporal and spatial variation laws have far-reaching practical significance and scientific research value for realizing the rational and effective utilization of land resources and high-quality green coordinated development in the Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River Basin.Based on this,this study takes the Yellow River Basin in Inner Mongolia as the study area,obtains ground measured data and satellite remote sensing data of meteorological stations and radiation stations in the study area,and compares and analyzes empirical models（A-P）,semi-empirical semi-physical models（Y-Hybrid）,The estimation accuracy of the surface solar radiation by the physical model（Libradtran）,select a better estimation method to construct the surface solar radiation data set of the Yellow River Basin in Inner Mongolia from 1961 to 2017,and apply trend analysis,M-K mutation test,wavelet analysis and cross wavelet and other methods to analyze The temporal and spatial variation characteristics of surface solar radiation in the Yellow River Basin of Inner Mongolia,and its correlation with other meteorological elements.The main conclusions are as follows:（1）The estimation accuracy of the Y-Hybrid model is generally higher than that of the A-P model and the Libradtran model.The Y-Hybrid model has the smallest statistical error,the root mean square error（RMSE）is between 3.35-4.03MJ·m-2,the mean absolute error（MAE）is between 2.19-3.31MJ·m-2,and the coefficient of determination is 0.81-0.93.The root mean square error value of the Libradtran model is between 2.48-5.14 MJ·m-2,the mean absolute error value is between 1.89-3.78 MJ·m-2,and the coefficient of determination is between 0.55-0.88.Therefore,in this study,the Y-Hybrid model with high simulation accuracy was used to construct the surface solar radiation data set of the Yellow River Basin in Inner Mongolia from 1961 to 2017.（2）In the past 57 years,the annual average value of solar radiation received by the ground in the Yellow River Basin of Inner Mongolia was 5996 MJ·m-2,and the annual total radiation showed a slow decreasing trend at a rate of 23.8 MJ·m-2/10a.The seasonal characteristics are significant.The annual solar radiation is mainly concentrated in summer,with an annual average value of 2078 MJ·m-2,and the minimum in winter,which is 793 MJ·m-2;the radiation in spring is on the rise at a rate of 6.0 MJ·m-2/10a,and the radiation in summer and autumn is the same.It is a slight downward trend,and the winter radiation shows a significant decline at a rate of 7.7MJ·m-2/10a;with the 1980s as a node,it is mostly an upward trend before the 1980s,a downward trend from the 80s to the 1990s,and an increase from the 1990s to the 2000s.trend,with a downward trend after the 1900s.The abrupt change point of the surface solar radiation year was 2002,the abrupt change point of spring was 1969,the abrupt change point of summer was 2006 and 2011,the abrupt change occurred in autumn in2008,and the abrupt change in winter was in 1985.The solar radiation cycle changes significantly.The annual solar radiation oscillation main cycle is 18a,the spring main cycle is 9a,the summer is 21a,the autumn is 30a,and the winter radiation main cycle is 21a.（3）The geographical distribution of the annual average total solar radiation in the Yellow River Basin of Inner Mongolia gradually decreases from Wuhai City and Alxa League in the west to Baotou City and Hohhot City in the east.Characteristics.The annual solar radiation in the Yellow River Basin of Inner Mongolia ranges from 5144to 6292 MJ·m-2,which is rich in solar energy resources.Alxa League and Wuhai City located in the western part of the study area are the areas with high annual radiation doses.The Alxa League has the highest annual radiation dose of 6292 MJ·m-2.The lowest annual radiation dose is Hohhot City in the east,which is 5144 MJ·m-2.,the annual radiation dose in the eastern and western parts of the study area is quite different.In the process of years of radiation changes,the radiation levels of Alxa League and Wuhai City in the southwest showed an overall upward trend,and the radiation changes were the most significant.Smaller,Hohhot and Baotou in the east showed an overall downward trend.（4）There is a resonance period of 8-16a between surface solar radiation and meteorological elements in the Yellow River Basin of Inner Mongolia.The correlation between sunshine hours and radiation is the largest,followed by air temperature and air pressure,and the correlation between relative humidity and radiation is small.Temperature and solar radiation were mainly positively correlated on multiple time scales such as 1986-1991 and 2001-2006.There was a positive correlation between air pressure and solar radiation from 1973 to 1983.Relative humidity and solar radiation existed in the resonance high-value energy region in 1976-1980 and 1980-1990 in 32years,which was negatively correlated.There is a significant positive correlation between sunshine hours and solar radiation,and there are high-value energy regions of resonance between the two in 1973-1981,1986-1995,and 1997-2005,respectively. |
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