Comparison Of Chloroplast Genomes And Phylogenetic Analysis Of 5 Artemisia In North China

Artemisia is an important part of Inner Mongolia grassland,and plant phylogeny is also one of the hot spots in botany research.However,there are few researches on Artemisia phylogeny.In this study,phenotypic shape combined with chloroplast genome analysis was used to study the system evolution relationship of Artemisia.The main results are as follows:1.The character analysis show that life habits represent the intermediate type except for the typical herbaceous and woody plants in 20 properties of 5 Artemisia plants;Stems are mainly hairy;Leaves are mainly feathery and multiple lobed;The shape and number of leaf lobes and leaf texture show continuous variation between and within species;Among the 5 plants,there are no differences between inflorescence and floral structure in involucral bract arrangement,number of involucral bract layers,corolla morphology of bisexual flowers(whether the base is expanded or not).And other traits show diversity.In the evolutionary relationship of 5 Artemisia plants,Artemisia argyi is the more primitive species,Artemisia frigida and Artemisia ordosica are evolved under xeric conditions,and Artemisia gmelinii and Artemisia giraldii are the younger mesophytic and high altitude adaptive species.2.The chloroplast genome sequencing is collected by Artemisia ordosica,and the remaining 4 Artemisia chloroplast genome are also collected.The analysis results show that the chloroplast genome sequences of 5 Artemisia plants are 151076～151318 in length.IRS ranges from 49918～49944 BP,and the length of SSC ranges from 18316-18392 bp,and chloroplast genome encodes 84～97 genes of 5 Artemisia.The total GC content of 5plants was close to 31%.The repeated sequence analysis found that the series repeat sequence ranges from 37～43,scattered in repeating sequences is 37～43,and SSR is 39～47.The structural characteristic comparison of 5 Artemisia plants chloroplast genome found that IRs have shrinkage.In 5 Artemisia plants,petN,rpl32 genes are most obvious and the lack of basic group occurred after the LSC region.3.The analysis of the 5 Artemisia codon characteristics,the codon of the 5 Artemisia plants is biased towards the end of A/U.There are 12 high frequency codons and 5 optimal codons,all ending in A/U.Factors of codon preferences are mutations and natural selection.4.The system evolution of the phenotype data combined with the chloroplast genome showed that 5 Artemisia plants had a large-scale migration,however,the environment induced the expression of the gene coding area and did not change the chloroplast genome of 5 Artemisia plants.