Research On Receiving Technology Of Space Microwave Wireless Power Transmission

The continuous exploration activities of the lunar rover in the sunless area of the lunar crater require remote energy supply.There are currently two methods of laser energy transmission and microwave energy transmission for this demand.Combined with the working mode and environmental characteristics of the lunar rover,this paper proposes two schemes for the receiving end of microwave energy transmission: 1.Coplanar rectenna based on transparent dielectric plates;2.A new microwave energy receiving and utilization method,namely microwave-thermal-DC conversion.Based on the transparent glass dielectric plate,this paper designs and simulates a coplanar rectenna without the underlying metal plate.The antenna part is a rectangular dipole.In the CST software,the size of the antenna unit is optimized with the gain as the goal,and the input impedance of the antenna is extracted.The rectifier circuit is a coplanar stripline type transmission line.Based on two diodes with different power capacities,different rectifier circuit sizes and optimal input power are optimized with the goal of rectifying efficiency.Taking the 3×3 array as an example,the effective area of the array is optimized,and the input impedance of the antenna at different positions is extracted.Finally,the monocrystalline silicon simulated solar panel was added to verify the feasibility of the optical multiplexing of the rectenna,and the robustness of the circuit was optimized.The microwave-thermal-electric energy receiving method firstly utilizes the wave-absorbing material layer to absorb microwaves and converts them into thermal energy,and then utilizes a thermoelectric power generation device to convert the thermal energy into direct current.Since there is no convective heat dissipation in the lunar vacuum environment,the heat is easier to collect and utilize than the ground.In addition,this method has low cost,simple structure,and strong radiation resistance,and has better potential utilization value than conventional rectennas in specific scenarios.Since the energy conversion involved in this process is relatively complex,this paper analyzes and mathematically models the working conditions of the system in a thermal steady state in vacuum based on the law of energy conservation,and selects certain materials and device parameters to carry out numerical simulations in matlab.From this,some factors and laws that affect the microwave-thermal-electric conversion efficiency are obtained.The thermal steady-state and transient simulations of the system are carried out in COMSOL software,and the performance differences between vacuum and atmospheric environment systems are compared.Finally,the thermoelectric power generation sheet and Si C,Fe3O4 and other materials were prepared,and the samples of microwave-thermal-electric energy receiving and conversion were prepared,and the experimental platform was built to carry out experimental verification.The experimental results proved the feasibility of this method,and obtained different microwave Under the frequency and power,the output voltage of samples of different materials is different,and the reasons are analyzed.