Investigating The Effect Of Glycolysis Pathway Protein Mutations On Yeast Lifespan

Many reports reveal that intracellular energy metabolism is closely related to cell lifespan.Calorie restriction promotes cellular longevity by reducing energy intake by cells.Glycolysis is one of the main pathways of cellular energy metabolism.By affecting the efficiency of glycolysis,it can effectively regulate the intake of cellular energy,and can also significantly change the physiological state of cells.Preliminary work in the laboratory constructs yeast strains with mutations in glycolytic pathway proteins.It was found that the mutant yeast strain exhibited good replication ability under long-term culture,and the pH of the strain medium was significantly increased.The aim of this study was to confirm the physiological characteristics of the strains resulting from mutations in glycolysis pathway proteins leading to increased lifespan,and the intracellular reactions and structures that may be involved.It lays the foundation for further research on the mechanisms affecting cell lifespan.The specific research contents and results are as follows:(1)Reducing nitrogen sources is more conducive to the longevity of glycolysis mutant strainsThe increase in the pH of the medium of mutant strains may be related to changes in the way the strains metabolize,so we hypothesized that changing the composition of the medium might also alter the way cells metabolize.It may be possible to find culture conditions that more easily promote the longevity of mutant strains.The experimental strains were cultured in the medium lacking 1/2 of nitrogen source and 1/2 of carbon source.The results showed that when the strain was cultured in the medium lacking 1/2 of the nitrogen source,the advantage of the enhanced replication ability of the experimental strain was retained,but when the strain was cultured in the medium lacking 1/2 of the carbon source,the advantage of the enhanced replication ability of the experimental strain disappeared.These results suggest that mutations in glycolysis pathway proteins are likely to alter the metabolic patterns of the strains.Decreasing the composition of nitrogen sources in the medium favors the maintenance of mutant strain-specific metabolic patterns,resulting in longer lifespan.(2)The mutant strain has a higher ATP content in the cell after the cell enters the smooth phaseThe intracellular ATP content reflects the physiological state of the cell.In the case of cell senescence and apoptosis,the intracellular ATP content decreases.In order to observe the changes of energy metabolism of longevity strains in different growth stages,this study detected the changes of ATP content in cells of strains in each growth stage.The results showed that the glycolysis mutant strains had significantly higher ATP content in the cells during the smooth growth period and the senescence period.The results suggest that elevated mitochondrial activity may be one of the features that lead to prolonged cell lifespan after the strain enters the growth smooth phase.Taken together,this study found that mutations in glycolytic proteins are likely to alter cellular metabolic networks.It can promote the increase of yeast vacuolar VATPase enzyme activity,enhance yeast vacuolar autophagy,improve the ability of yeast to cope with environmental stress,slow down the degradation of yeast mitochondrial function,and make it produce more ATP,thereby prolonging the replication life of yeast.The results provide new ideas for the study of yeast replication lifespan mechanism.