| In recent years,global climate change has intensified,while the rapid development of cities has also had a certain adverse effect on climate,and the problems brought about by climate change have attracted widespread attention.The latest Beijing City Master Plan(2016-2035)puts forward that "effectively control the ’disease of big cities’,continuously improve the quality of urban development,living environment,living life and urban competitiveness,achieve sustainable urban development,and build a world-class harmonious and livable city".It can be seen that,The quality of urban human settlement environment is the key part of future development.At the same time,a good urban environment climate is one of the important factors affecting human settlement health.Under the background of the overall urban environment climate,it is more meaningful to optimize the block microclimate for the sustainable development of the future city.This paper mainly evaluates the block scale microclimate environment in the central urban area of Beijing.Firstly,the environmental and climate sensitive unit of Beijing central urban area is analyzed and studied.Through multi-source data collection,the basic research database is built.Arc GIS software is used for statistical analysis,and two parts of meteorological environment sensitive unit and built environment sensitive unit are obtained.The environmental and climate sensitive units of Beijing central urban area were generated through spatial analysis and superposition,and the environmental and climate sensitive units of different scales were constructed to carry out the fine research of the block.Combining climate sensitive units(500 m)and the living environment sensitive units(150 m),two kinds of measure to block the microclimate environment evaluation,evaluation of the sensitive unit,A to F grade of high-risk street and refinement extract data in built environment factors,the sensitive element for high-risk street built environment factors and meteorological elements was carried out by correlation and coupling relation,The magnitude relationship between the relevant elements is obtained preliminarily.The results show:(1)Air temperature is affected by population average;(2)Wind speed is affected by average building height,road network density and green space proportion.(3)The relative humidity was significantly affected by the average building height,population and building density.(4)AQI showed a cubic curve relationship with building density and a quadratic function curve relationship with building height.(5)The surface temperature was significantly affected by average building height,total building height,vegetation coverage and road network density.The results obtained from the coupling relation formula were applied to the optimization simulation transformation of three types of typical blocks,to verify the accuracy of the magnitude relation,the results show that the surface temperature,air temperature,wind speed and relative humidity of the optimized block environment climate are significantly improved.And to summarize the urban environment and climate planning and development suggestions based on the correlation and simulation analysis results.The city level for each sensitive unit planning and development Suggestions are proposed,block level is according to the characteristics of the different functional areas,combined with the status quo,ability to reshape the pattern of the micro upgrading value assessment of the potential and future development and construction intensity,Suggestions should be combined with present situation and future development trend of streets jurisdiction,targeted improvement measures are put forward.Finally,according to the classification of different spatial scales,the optimization strategy of various means is put forward to jointly create a good neighborhood microclimate environment. |
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