Family Migration,family Division Of Labor And Peasant Workers' Income

Different from the early "migratory bird" or "pendulum" migration,which mainly used young and middle-aged people to go out alone,in recent years,the trend of family migration of migrant workers "bring their families with their mouths" has become more and more obvious.However,neither domestic nor abroad paid much attention to the phenomenon of family migration in the early stage.The Classical Theory of Population Migration focuses on "single-handed" migration,which believes that migration is the result of individual decision-making.It was not until the1970 s that the "New Migration Economics" theory represented by Stark began to focus on the subject of the family in migration behavior effect.Since the 1990 s,domestic scholars have also begun to attach importance to the phenomenon of family migration.However,in the past,scholars' research focused on the dynamic factors of family migration,and there is little research on the possible consequences of family migration.Based on the New Migration Economics,this paper combines Becker's New Family Economics Theory and Gender Role Theory to study the impact of family migration on the income of migrant workers.Economic income is the main motivation and purpose of migrant workers' migration,and the study of income has important significance.Research based on the Dynamic Monitoring Data of the Floating Population in2017 found that:(1)Family migration has gradually become a mainstream migration method for migrant workers.In 2017,more than 80% of migrant workers were family migration,and more than 80% were second-generation households.In the context of family migration,the average population size of migrant workers is 3.40,the average age is 38.86,and the average migration time is 6.06 years;(2)Family migration will affect the income of migrant workers,but this effect has gender difference.According to Becker's New Family Economics Theory,women are more efficient in housework and men have an advantage in market labor.As the subject of rational decision-making,the family will give full play to the comparative advantages of different genders within the family.The influence of the traditional gender role concept of “male dominates outside,female dominates inside” has caused women to devote more time and energy to housework after the completion of family migration,while men devote themselves to market labor.Therefore,family migration.The impact on income of different genders is heterogeneous.The research in this article shows that after controlling for human capital factors such as education years,work experience,and physical health,the impact of family migration on income has gender differences.Both the migration of couples and the migration with their children have a positive impact on men's income;for women,the migration of couples alone has no significant impact on their income,and the migration of couples with their children will have a negative impact on their income.This research result is of great significance.From a theoretical point of view,the research shows that the New Family Economics Theory represented by Becker has a certain explanatory power for the household labor division tools after the completion of family migration in our country.It also shows that the traditional gender role concept of “male dominates outside,female dominates inside” has far-reaching influence,and it still plays an important role today.In addition,Li Qiang previously used Beijing local data to prove the negative impact of family migration on women's income.This article uses national data to comprehensively study the impact of family migration on the income of different genders within the family to further confirm the applicability of Mincer's theory in our country.From a practical perspective,the government should actively promote the development of the housekeeping service industry,promote the marketization of child care and housework so as to free women from heavy housework,release the potential of family labor,and reduce the family migration and urban-rural migration faced by women "Double pressure".This is of great significance for realizing the human-centered urbanization concept under the background of new urbanization and further guaranteeing and realizing the demands of migrant workers to "live and work in peace and contentment".