Design And Implementation Of An Energy-balanced Low-power Wide Area Protocol

Low-Power Wide-Area Network(LPWAN)technologies promoted the communication capacities of Internet of Things(Io T)to several even dozens of kilometers.LoRa is one of these technologies which has the characteristics of long-range,low data rates and low power consumption.For some application scenarios,the LoRa WAN architecture is applied to a star-of-stars topology,which works well.However,for several non-line-ofsight or larger deployment range scenarios,such as underground deployment and largescale military launch,the single-hop topology may not meet the requirements of scenarios.Adding gateways to increase coverage increases deployment complexity and reduces information sharing.Furthermore,the exhaustion of a single node in the network will bring extra cost of replacing the battery artificially,further reducing the network life bottleneck.consequently,the thesis introduces a multi-hop protocol MLoRa to solve these problems.MLoRa gives a routing strategy at the network layer,which can provide greater communication coverage than single-hop LoRa networks,and can provide higher packet delivery rates in urban and underground monitoring environments with poor communication quality.MLoRa also considered the lifetime of LoRa networks,which are determined by the first node to run out of power.In MLoRa routing process,the payloads on relays and the physical layer parameters of end devices are considered.Each relay works with property payload to avoid being a new bottleneck of lifetime.Experimental verification shows that MLoRa protocol can improve the life cycle of the network,the energy consumption balance degree of network nodes and the gain-cost ratio to a certain extent for different types of LoRa node distribution networks.